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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organic compound |
Matter that contains carbon except co2 |
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Four organic "chemicals of life" |
Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids |
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2 types of nucleic acids |
DNA and RNA |
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DNA |
A molecule that is present in all living things and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live |
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RNA |
A molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production |
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Enzyme |
Protein that speeds up chemical reactions |
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3 functions of water |
space, helps the human body, and living things |
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Diffusion |
Movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density |
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Active transport |
the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy |
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Transport protein |
Special "doorway" in the cell membrane that can be used in active transport |
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Endocytosis/engulfing |
The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle into the cell |
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Exocytosis |
The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane |
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Osmosis |
The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
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Selectively permeable membrane |
A type of membrane that allows only certain substances to pass in and out of the cell; "selectively" or "picky" |
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Passive transport |
The movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy by the cells |
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Photosynthesis |
The process by which plants,algae,and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food |
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Respiration |
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and their environment; includes breathing and cellular repiration |
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Cell cycle |
The life cycle of a cell |
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Interphase |
Cell grows to full size and chromosomes duplicate |
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Mitosis |
A process of cell division that forms two new nuclei |
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Cytokinesis |
The division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
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Fermentation |
The breakdown of food without the use of oxygen |
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Pigment |
The natural coloring matter of animal or plant tissue |
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Chlorophyll |
A green pigment that captures light energy for photosynthesis |
