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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is blood used for? |
To transport materials around your body and to protect you against disease. |
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How much blood do you have in your body? |
5.5 litres. |
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What do red blood cells do? |
They carry oxygen. |
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What do white blood cells do? |
They fight disease. |
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What does the plasma do? |
They carry blood cells, digested food, waste products (Co2), hormones and antibodies. |
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What are platelets? |
They are fragments of cells that help the blood to clot. |
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What are phagocytes? |
They engulf pathogens (a disease causing organism) |
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What are lymphocytes? |
They produce anti-bodies, which are proteins that help remove viruses and bacteria. |
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What is plasma mostly made out of? |
Water and other substances dissolved in it, like digested food and waste substances such as carbon dioxide and urea. |
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What is the appearance of a red blood cell? |
They're biconcave, which creates a large surface area for gas exchange. They also have a large surface area compared to volume, so oxygen is always close to the surface. |
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What pigment do red blood cells contain? |
Haemoglobin which combines with oxygen to create oxyhaemoglobin |
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What two types of valves do you have in your heart? |
Atrioventricular valves (seperates the atrium from the ventricle) and semilunar valves (seperates the ventricle from the arteries). |
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What does the diagram of the heart look like? |
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Why does the heart have valves? |
To keep blood flowing in one direction. |
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What side has the O2 rich blood? |
The left. |
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Which side has the O2 poor blood? |
The right. |
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What is the equation for aerobic respiration? |
Glucose + Oxygen > Carbon Dioxide + Water (+ energy) |
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What happens in aerobic respiration? |
Glucose and oxygen react together to release energy. Carbon dioxide and water are produced as water products. |
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What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration? |
Glucose > Lactic Acid (+ energy) |
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Why is anaerobic respiration helpful? |
Because if the cells cannot obtain enough oxygen during exercise, aerobic respiration helps. |
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What causes cramps or muscle fatigue? |
The build up of lactic acid. |
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Why do you breathe more after exercise? |
So the extra oxygen breaks down the build up of lactic acid. This is called oxygen debt. |
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What is cardovascular disease? |
A class of diseases that involves the heart or blood vessels (heart attack, stroke etc) |
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How can a stroke happen? |
Blood clot forming in the brain, internal bleeding or poor blood flow to the brain. |
