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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Galaxy |
A galaxy is a collection of billions of stars help by gravity |
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Universe |
Everything that physically exist |
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Celestial Object |
All objects in space |
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Astronomy |
The study of the universe and everything in it |
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Astronomer |
A person who studies astronomy |
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Solar system |
Celestial objects that are held together bt the suns gravitational attraction and orbits around it |
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Star |
Hotball of plasma and electrically charged gas, thay shines because nuclear fusion is taking place at its core |
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Nuclear fusion |
Is the process in which nuclei of atom fuse together and forms larger atoms |
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Inner solar system |
4 rocky plants closets to the sun. Earth, mars , mercury and venus |
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Astronomical unit |
Average distance between earth and the sun |
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Light year |
The distance that a beam of light travels through space |
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Binary system |
A system with 2 stars |
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Supernova |
Occurs when a high mass star explodes |
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Nebula |
A large cloud of dust and gas. |
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Nubulae |
Often called star nurseries |
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Black hole |
A region of space of space where gravity is so strong nothing can escape |
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Dark matter |
Matter in space that is invisible |
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Planets of the inner solar system |
Mercury,venus, earth, mars |
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Asteroid belt |
Past mars, Rocky debris that forms a circle around the sun |
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Four gas plantes |
Jupiter, saturn, uranus, and neptune |
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Atmosphere of gas planets |
Mostly made of hydrogen and helium |
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Centauri system |
A group of 3 stars that orbit each other |
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Binary system |
A system with 2 stars |
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What do all galaxies have |
Stars, planets and dust |
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Open cluster |
A few hundread to few thousand stars Young stars |
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Globular cluster |
Contains hundreads of thousands of stars Oldest stars in the galaxy |
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Edwin hubbles ideas |
Almost all galaxies are moving away from each other which lead him to discover the universe is expanding |
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Spectrum |
Rainbow band of colours where white light seporates when it passes through a prism |
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Big bang theory |
States the universe formed when an infinitely dense point suddenly and rapidly expanded in a single moment |
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Electromagnetic radiation |
Energy that travels in waves |
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Visible spectrum |
When visible light rays are split into a rainbow of colours |
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Spectroscope |
An optical instrument seperates light into its spectral colours |
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Spectral lines |
A series of dark lines that appears across a stars band of colour |
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Spectral shifting |
The change in position of spectral lines |
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Protostar |
Is a star in its first stages |
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Low mass stars |
Use their nuclear fuel slowly Last for a long time Most stars in the universe are red dwarfs |
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Medium mass stars |
Burn their fuel faster than low mass stars Last about 10 billion years |
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High mass stars |
Are stars that are 10 times the mass of the sun. |
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Constellation |
A group of stars that,fro earth resembles a recognizible form |
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What percentage of the sun is what |
73 percent is hydrogen 25 is helium |
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How many layers of the sun are there? |
6 |
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Core |
Inner part of the sun Nuclear fusion happens here |
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Radiative zone |
The layer outside the core |
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Convective zone |
-outside the radiative zone -huge bubbles of plasma ooze up towards the surface carying heat -cooler regions sink to the bottom and reheat |
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Photosphere |
Boundary layer between the inside and outside of the sun |
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Chromosphere |
-can only be seen in a total solar eclipse -has a red cast to it |
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Cornona |
Last layer of the sun -extends beyond the chromosphere |
