Science 8 Atoms, Periodic Table

Front 1

Are atoms the smallest particles of matter?

Back 1

no

Front 2

Why are atoms neutral?

Back 2

the charges are balanced

Front 3

What takes up most of an atom's volume?

Back 3

electrons

Front 4

What takes up most of an atom's mass?

Back 4

protons and neutrons

Front 5

How is an element identified?

Back 5

by the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom

Front 6

What does the atomic number stand for?

Back 6

the number of PROTONS in the nucleus of the atom of that element

Front 7

What is matter made of?

Back 7

atoms

Front 8

Define matter

Back 8

anything that has MASS and takes up SPACE

Front 9

each atom of a substance has the same ___________ of that substance (fill in blank)

Back 9

PROPERTIES

Front 10

Where are the heavy and the light particles located in an atom?

Back 10

heavy in the nucleus (center)
light in the electron cloud spinning around the nucleus

Front 11

How fast to electrons orbit the nucleus?

Back 11

near light speed

Front 12

What does every atom have in its nucleus?

Back 12

a unique number of PROTONS

Front 13

What four things do the periodic table show about an element?

Back 13

symbol
number of protons in nucleus
mass of the atom
electron structure

Front 14

what is inside protons, electron and neutrons?

Back 14

quarts

Front 15

What are heat, light and sounds forms of?

Back 15

energy

Front 16

What are the building blocks of matter?

Back 16

atoms

Front 17

What element is in every living thing?

Back 17

carbon

Front 18

What four elements are we mostly composed of?

Back 18

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Front 19

How many electrons are needed in the electron shell to be stable?

Back 19

8
(note: exception is the S shell, stable with 2 electrons)

Front 20

What happens if an atoms does not have 8 electrons in its shell?

Back 20

it will try to attract the electrons from nearby atoms

Front 21

When an atom gains an electron, is is positively or negatively charges?

Back 21

negatively

Front 22

What is ionic bonding?

Back 22

when atoms combine by transferring electrons

Front 23

What is valance?

Back 23

the state of the atom with respect to its combining capacity (i.e. does it have an extra electron or is it short electrons)

Front 24

What are five measurable physical properties?

Back 24

density
solubility
melting point
boiling point
mass

Front 25

what is solubility?

Back 25

the amount a substance will dissolve in a given amount of another substance

Front 26

What is a supernova?

Back 26

a huge explosion that breaks apart a massive star

Front 27

what does malleable mean?

Back 27

a term that describes when a material can be pounded into a shape

Front 28

What is corrosion?

Back 28

the process of oxygen reacting with a metal to form rust

Front 29

what is the name for the horizontal row in the periodic table?

Back 29

a period

Front 30

what is a metalloid?

Back 30

an element that has some of the characteristics of metal and some of the characteristics of a non metal

Front 31

what does ductile mean?

Back 31

material that can be drawn into a long wire

Front 32

what is plasma?

Back 32

a state of matter that consists of a gas-like mixture of free electrons and of their free electrons

Front 33

what are the elements in Group 18 called?

Back 33

noble gases

Front 34

What is the difference between physical and chemical changes?

Back 34

Physical changes are reversible
Chemical changes are not reversible.

Front 35

What is a group on the Periodic Table?

Back 35

a VERTICAL column

Front 36

What is the relationship of properties of an element in a PERIOD on the periodic table?

Back 36

physical and chemical properties of the period CHANGE

Front 37

What is the relationship of properties of an elements in a GROUP on the periodic table?

Back 37

physical and chemical properties in a group ARE SIMILAR.

Front 38

How can you predict and element's properties?

Back 38

from its location on the periodic table

Front 39

what is the sun mostly made of?

Back 39

hydrogen

Front 40

Who created the first periodic table?

Back 40

Mendeleev

Front 41

What type of particles are lost, gained or shared in chemical reactions?

Back 41

electrons

Front 42

What is a diatomic molecule?

Back 42

two identical nonmetal atoms bonded together

Front 43

what is the most reactive group of metals on the periodic table?

Back 43

the alkali metals

Front 44

What are the names of the two groups at the bottom of the periodic table?

Back 44

lanthinides
actinides

Front 45

How are elements in the periodic table arranged with respect to mass?

Back 45

Left to rights INCREASING

Front 46

How is the reactivity of metal elements arranged on the periodic table?

Back 46

left to right, DECREASING

Front 47

What is the mass of a proton?

Back 47

one atomic mass unit

Front 48

What is the product of nuclear fusion of the sun's hydrogen?

Back 48

helium nulcei and energy

Front 49

List two examples of chemical changes

Back 49

oxidation
electrolysis

Front 50

What is conversion of mass?

Back 50

matter is not created or destroyed

Front 51

does every chemical or physical change in matter include a change in energy?

Back 51

yes

Front 52

What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?

Back 52

temperature is the average
thermal energy is all of the energy

Front 53

What direction do periods go on the periodic table?

Back 53

left to right

Front 54

What direction do groups or families go on the periodic table?

Back 54

up and down

Front 55

Why do elements in the same group act the same chemically?

Back 55

because they have the same electron configuration in the outer shell

Front 56

In a chemical reaction, what do you get?

Back 56

new substance, new properties

Front 57

Can you create or destroy matter in a chemical reaction?

Back 57

no

Front 58

What are some signs that a chemical reaction is taking place?

Back 58

bubbling (sometimes)
burning
rusting
forming a precipitate in the bottom of a beaker