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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
earth science
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the study of the earth and the universe surrounding it
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oceanography
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the study of the Earth's ocean
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astronomy
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the study of physical things beyond the earth's atmosphere
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hypothesis
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a prediction of what you think will happen
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inference
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an educated guess based on an observation
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Density
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the mass per unit of volume of a substance
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Inorganic Substance
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a substance that is not made up of living things or the remains of living things
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Silicate minerals
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minerals that contain a combination of oxygen and silicon
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Fracture
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a mineral's tendency to break alont irregular surfaces; a break in the Earth's surface
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Weathering
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the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by physical or chemical processes
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Hydrolosis
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the breaking down of a compound by a chemical reaction
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Oxidation
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a chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen
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Mass wasting
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the downhill movement of loose rocks and soil due to gravity
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abrasion
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the wearing down of rock surface by other rocks or sand particles
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gully
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a narrow ditch cut in the Earth by runoff
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moraine
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a large ridge or mound of till
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bedrock
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the layer of solid rock beneath the soil
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pore space
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the amount of space between soil particles
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soil profile
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a cross-section of the layers of soil and bedrock in a particular region
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law of superposition
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a law that states that each layer of sedimentary rock is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer beneath it
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fault
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a break in the earth's crust along which rocks move
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intrusion
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a large mass of igneous rock pushed into layers of existing rock
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carbon-14 dating
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determining the age of things of organic origin by measuring the radioactivity of their carbon-14 content
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Appearance of Age theory
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a theory that states that the earth is only a few thousand years old, but God created it appear old
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The systematic study of creation using methods basedd on observation and experimentation
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Science
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The application of science
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Technology
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Things that record the quality of something
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Qualitative
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Observations that can be measured
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Quantitative
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Flexibility
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Plasticity
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The outermost,rigid layer of the earth composed of the stiff upper laye of the mantle and the crust
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Lithosphere
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The boundary between the mantil and the crust
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Moho(mohorovicic discontinuity)
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The breaking down of the rocks into smaller pieces by physical or chemical processes
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Weathering
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The mechanical weathering process n which water in the cracks of rocks freezes and expands, widening the cracks
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Ice wedging
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The result of nitrogen oxides,sulfur and carbon dioxide reacting in the atmospher with water and returning to the earth as precipitation
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Acid rain
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The downhill movement of loose rocks and soil due to gravity
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Mass wasting
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The loose layer of rock and soil
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Regolith
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A rapid downhill movement of a large mass of mud
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Mudflow
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The extremely slow downhill slide of soil
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Soil creep
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A wide, shallow bay where the mouth of a river valley becomes submerged by ocean water
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Estuaries
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Sediments deposited by glaciers
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Glacial drift
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Any particle bigger than sand
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Gravel
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The time it takes for half of the atom of that element in a mineral to decay into ation of another element
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1/2 life
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