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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A scientist who studies the nonliving part of the earth.
Geologist
The (blank), is the center of the earth.
Core
The (blank), is the middle layer of the earth.
Mantle
The (blank), is the outer layer of the earth.
Crust
Hot melted rock found in the mantle.
Magma
magma that reaches the surface of the earth.
Lava
The wearing away of the earth’s surface.
Weathering
The movement of sediment from one place to another.
Erosion
Weathered particles of rock.
Sediment
The loose material on the surface of the earth. Soil is formed from bits of weathered rock and other materials.
Soil
Describes a substance made of things that have never been alive.
Inorganic
Describes a substance that was once part of or still is part of a living thing.
Organic
The organic particles in soil formed from decaying plants and animals.
Humus
A scientist who studies minerals.
Mineralogist
An inorganic substance found naturally In the earth.
Mineral
A structure that results from the orderly arrangement of mineral particles.
Crystal
The (blank), is the color that you see.
Color of a mineral
The (blank), is the color of the mark made when a sample of a mineral is rubbed on a harder surface.
Streak of a mineral
The (blank), is the quality and intensity of light reflected from a mineral’s surface.
Luster of a mineral
The (blank), is the ability of the mineral to resist scratching.
Hardness of a mineral
The breaking of a mineral along smooth, straight lines or into flat sheets.
Cleavage
The breaking of a mineral into rough, jagged, or curved lines.
Fracture
(Blank), are minerals that can be cut and polished for use.
Gemstones
A (blank), is a gemstone that has been cut and polished.
Gem
A (blank), is a gemstone that is beautiful and rare. Examples are diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and sapphires.
Precious Stone
A (blank), is more common than a precious stone.
Semiprecious Stone
A person who cuts, polishes, or carves gems.
Lapidary
Describes an object or a substance that is manmade.
Synthetic
A (blank), is a hard, natural substance made of one or more minerals and sometimes some organic materials.
Rock
A (blank), is a type of rock that contains a minable amount of minerals.
Ore
A (blank), is a pocket or strip of a mineral within the earth.
Vein
(Blank), is rock that forms from volcanic magma or lava.
Igneous Rock
(Blank), is rock that forms when layers of weathered rock, minerals, and organic material harden.
Sedimentary Rock
(Blank), is rock that forms by heat and pressure deep beneath the earth’s crust cause changes in the rock
Metamorphic Rock
(Blank), rock can be split into flat sheets that break apart easily.
Foliated Rock
(Blank), rock is usually made of tightly packed crystals and do not break into thin sheets.
Non-Foliated Rock