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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What kind of indirect evidence do geologists use to study the structure of the Earth?
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they use seismic waves
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why is it necessary to rely on indirect evidence?
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they cannot dig to the center of the earth due to the heat and pressure.
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what two factors increase as you go from the surface of the Earth deeper into it's interior
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temperature and pressure
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list three facts about the Earth's crust
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1.it is the thinnest layer
2.it is the part of earth we live on 3. oceanic crust = basalt, denser, fine texure continental crust = granite, less dense, coarse |
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How does the material of the asthenosphere differ from the material of the lithosphere
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the asthernosphere is soft and liquid like while the lithosphere is hard and rigid
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what is the difference between the earth's outer and inner core
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the outer core is liquid like and the inner core is a solid ball
both are made of iron and nickel |
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how does the earth's core produce the earth's magnetic field?
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the inner core spins
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what is the composition of the crust?
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oxygen, silicon, aluminum, calcium, mg, potassium, Fe, Na
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what is the composition of the mantle?
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Si, oxygen + iron, mg
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what is the composition of the core?
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iron + nickel
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which layer is the thickest?
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the mantle
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which layer is the thinnest?
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crust
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oceanic crust is made of
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basalt
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continental crust is made of
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granite
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what are the three methods of heat transfer
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convection - transfer of heat in a fluid ( liquid or gas )
radiation - transfer of heat in an empty space conduction - transfer of heat through direct contact |
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what causes convection to occur?
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differences in temperature cause a difference in density
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the theory of continental drifty was proposed by
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alfred wegener
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pangaea means
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all lands
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list three types of evidence for the theory. explain each one
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landforms - folded mountain ranges in South America
fossils - fossils reptiles mesosaurus and lystrosaurus have been found in places now seperated by oceans climate - spitsbergen is ice covered and has a harsh climate, but fossils of tropical plants on found on spitsbergen |
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wegener's theory was rejected because
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there was no explanation for the force or push and pull of the continents
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