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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
The metric prefix "milli means?
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1/1000
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The metric prefix "kilo" means?
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1000
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1 centimeter is equal to ____ m and ____ mm
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.01, 10
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on the celsius scale, at what temperature does water boil?
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100 degrees c
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what are the diff branches of natural science?
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physical, earth and space, and life
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what are the building blocks of all matter?
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atoms
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why is a compound a pure substance?
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their chemically combined, can be broken down,
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why isnt milk a pure substance?
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there is more than one substance in it..fat,calcium..etc
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a substance that is made up of only one atom?
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element
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what is an element?
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a substance that cannot be broken down
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the symbol for aluminum
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Al
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symbol for gold
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Au
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y is water a compound
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its a pure substance
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y is sand a mixture but silicon dioxide (Quartz) not?
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in quartz every part is silicon ,in sand, there r many minerals
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a mixture that appears to contain only one substance is an
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homogeneous mixture
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heterogeneous mixture?
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not the same throughout
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soy milk says shake b4 open..the soy milk is probly
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suspension
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a material that is malleable and conducts electricity is most likely...
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metal
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what property of wax makes it useful for making molds?
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its got a low melting point
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filtration can be used to seperate mixtures based on their
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size of particles
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what method can be used to seperate parts of a liquid mixture when the entire mixture can pass through a filter?
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distillation
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when a PHYSICAL change occurs, what are some things that do NOT change?
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the composition of matter
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how is physical change diff from chemical change
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phy- when properties change but the material stays the same
chem- reacts or forms one or more new substances |
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what are some clues that a chemical change has occured..
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change in color, production of a gas, formation of a participate
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in which type of substances are the forces of attraction among the particles so weak that they can be ignored under ordinary conditions?
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gases
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the result of a force distributed over an area
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pressure
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collisions of helium atoms and the alls of a closed container cause..
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gas pressure
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when mr snow pushes on his hand, and the balloon...
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raising the temp and volume in a closed container will increase its pressure if the volume of the gas...
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remains constant
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the temp and volume in a closed container of gas remain constant. if the # of particles of gas is increased, the gas pressure will..
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increase
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boyle's law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the ________________ are constant.
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temp and # of particles
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2 things
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the heat of fusion for water is the amount of energy needed for water to..
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lose
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what changes in energy occur as ice melts?
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the ice is absorbing heat energy
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phase change: liquid to gas
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vaporization
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3 phase changes that have an endothermic change?
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melting, vaporizing, subliming
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phase change: exothermic changes
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freezing, condensation, deposition.
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democritus thought that matter was made of tiny particles that_________
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could not be divided
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main points of daltons theory
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all elements are composed of atoms
atoms of diff elements always combine the same way compounds contain atoms of more than one element. |
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jj thomsons experiments provided evidence that an atom
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has negitively charged particles
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rutherfords gold foil experiment provided evidence for the existance of __________ in the atom.
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the nucleus
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in an atomic model that includes a nucleus, positive charge is located.....
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in the center of the atom
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what is unique for any given element
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# of protons
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to find the # of neutrons in an element, subtract________ from the ________
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protons, mass #
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what can u assume happened if an electron moves to a higher energy level
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it has absorbed energy
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how was bohrs atomic model similar to rutherfords
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both nucleus' were postively charged in the center of the atom
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how are electrons arranged in bohrs model
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they move witha constant speed in fixed orbits around the nucleus..like planets
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what does the electron cloud model describe
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likely locations of electrons
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what does the electron cloud represent
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exact location of electrons around the nucleus
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good analogy for an electron in an atomic orbital
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bee flying in a jar
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the glowing of a neon light is caused by electrons emitting energy as they________________________________.
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move from high energy levels and then back to ground state giving off thrusts of light.
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mendeleev arranged the known chemical elements in a table according to increasing____
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mass
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in a periodic table, a set of properties repeats from ___ to ____.
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row,row
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atomic mass of an element..
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average mass of all isotopes
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why is silicon classified as a metalloid?
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it has the properties of a metal and a nonmetal
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2 highly reactive elements in period 4 are the metal potassium and the nonmetal____
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flourine
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atoms of the most reactive elements tend to have _____ valence electrons
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more
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alkaline earthe metal has how many v/e?
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2
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what is true about fluorine, chlorine and iodine
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they have 7 v/e
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which halogen is most likely to react?
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fluorine
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to keep from reacting, some highly reactive elements are stored in..
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a noble gas (argon)
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which element is found in nature only in compounds?
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sodium
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which element is found in most compounds in ur body except for water
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carbon
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ionization energies tend to_________ from left to right across a period
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increase
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the formation of an ionic bond involves the _________ of ____________?
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transfer,electrons
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properties of sodium chloride?
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high melting/boiling point...soluble in water
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typical properties of an ionic compound
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compounds form in repeating pattern called a crystal
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what does a substance need to have in order to be called a molecule?
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a covalant bond
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when 2 atoms of the same nonmetal react, they often form a _______
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diatomic molecule
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what does it mean when elements are connected by a long dash?
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they have a polar covalant bond. shared pair of valence electrons
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what is a polar covalant bond?
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electrons are not shared equally
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why does water have a high boiling point
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the water molecules are so polar so it takes more time to seperate
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what is the formula for lithium chloride
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L(little one)Cl
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how many neutrons are found in aluminum-27?
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14
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what type of bonding occurs in the compound BaCl(little 2)
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ionic bonding
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what type of bonding occurs in the molecule H20?
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polar covalant
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what type of bonding occurs in a diatomic molecule of 02(little 2).
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covalant
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