Science 16 Weather

Front 1

Electromagnetic waves

Back 1

form of energy that can move through the vacuum of space. Classified according to wavelength, or distance between waves.

Front 2

Radiation

Back 2

direcct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.

Front 3

Energy from the Sun

Back 3

comes to Earth as electromagnetic waves. Omst comes in the form of visible light and infarered radiation.

Front 4

Non-Visible Radiation

Back 4

Infared Radiation
Ultraviolet radiation

Front 5

ROYGBIV

Back 5

the visible spectrum of light from longer to shorter wavelength

Front 6

Infared Radiation

Back 6

longer wavelenght thatn visible light, can be felt as heat

Front 7

Ultraviolet Radiation

Back 7

shorter wavelengths than visible light, can cause sunburns, skin cancer and eye damage.

Front 8

Energy in the Atmosphere

Back 8

some sunlight is reflected or absorbed before it can reach the surface.

Front 9

Scattering

Back 9

when light is reflected in all directions, caused by dust particles and gases

Front 10

Greenhouse Effect

Back 10

the process by which gases hold heat in the air. The Earth's surface absorbs some energy and then radiates it back into the atmosphere as infarared radiation. Thes energy is held by the atmosphere, warming it.

Front 11

Temperature

Back 11

the average amount of energy of motion in the particles of a substance

Front 12

Thermal Energy

Back 12

the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance

Front 13

Thermometer

Back 13

a device to measure temperature.
Usually a thin glass tube filled with alcohol or mercury

Front 14

Fahrenheit

Back 14

32 degrees is freezing point of water. 212 degrees is bioling point of water

Front 15

Celsius

Back 15

O degrees is freezing point of water, 100 degrees is boiling point

Front 16

Heat

Back 16

the transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler one.

Front 17

Radiation

Back 17

direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves through space.

Front 18

Conduction

Back 18

direct transfer of enegy from one substance to another that it is touching

Front 19

Convection

Back 19

transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas)

Front 20

Heating the Troposhere

Back 20

Radiation, conduction and convection work together

Front 21

Convection Currents

Back 21

air near the ground is heated and becomes less dense. Cooler, denser air sinks forcing the warm air to rise.

Front 22

Wind

Back 22

the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure

Front 23

Anemometer

Back 23

a device used to measure wind speed

Front 24

Wind Chill Factor

Back 24

increased cooling that can be caused by wind

Front 25

Local Winds

Back 25

caused by the unequal heating of Earth's surface within a small area

Front 26

Humidity

Back 26

the measure of the amount of water in the air

Front 27

Relative Humidity

Back 27

the percentage of water vapor that is actually in the air compared to the maximum amount the air will hold at a particular temperature.

Front 28

Psychrometer

Back 28

Measures the relative humidity using a wet bulb and dry bulb

Front 29

Condensation

Back 29

when water vapor in the air becomes liquid

Front 30

Dew Point

Back 30

the temperature at which condensation begins. If below freezing, the water vapor can change directly into ice crystals (frost)

Front 31

Water Cycle

Back 31

the movement of water between the atmosphere and Earth's surface

Front 32

Evaporation

Back 32

the process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor

Front 33

Jet Streams

Back 33

high speed winds about 10km above the surface

Front 34

Polar Easterlies

Back 34

cold air near the poles sinks and flows back toward the lower latitudes. The Coriolis effect shifts these

Front 35

Doldrums

Back 35

near the equator--regions with little or no wind

Front 36

Horse Latitudes

Back 36

another belt of calm air, found approx 30 degrees North and South of the Equator

Front 37

Latitude

Back 37

the distance from the equator, measured in degrees

Front 38

Trade Winds

Back 38

when cold iar over the Horse latitudes sinks it creates an area of high pressure. This causes surface winds to blow toa and away from the equator.

Front 39

Sea Breeze

Back 39

as warm air on the land rises, cooler air from the sea or lake comes in beneath it forming wind coming FROM the sea

Front 40

Land Breeze

Back 40

as warm air on the water rises, cooler air from the land moves out beneath it forming wind coming FROM the land

Front 41

Cirrus Clouds

Back 41

wispy, feathery clouds. Found above 6km made of ice crystals

Front 42

Cumulus Clouds

Back 42

fluffy, rounded like cotton.

Front 43

Stratus Clouds

Back 43

form in flat layers. Cover all or most of the sky and are often grey

Front 44

Fog

Back 44

clouds that form on or near the ground

Front 45

Alto cumulus and Altostratus Clouds

Back 45

High. Clouds that form between 2-6 km

Front 46

Cumulonimbus Clouds

Back 46

towering clouds that often produce thunderstorms