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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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system
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an organized group of parts that work together to form a whole.
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closed system
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Both a terrarium and the Earth are closed systems because matter, such as soil or water, cannot enter or leave. Energy like sunlight and heat can flow into or out of the system.
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Name the Earth's four connected parts.
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atmosphere (Earth's air)
hydrosphere (Earth's water) biosphere (Earth's living things) geosphere (Earth's interior and its rocks and soils) |
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What type of system are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere?
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Open System because both matter and energy move into and out of it. The four open systems work together to form one large, closed system called Earth.
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Atmosphere
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Made up of gases that surrounds and protects the earth. Nitrogen 78% and Oxygen 21%. Contains carbon dioxide, water vapor, and a few other gases.
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Hydrosphere
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Made up of all the water on Earth in oceans, lakes, glaciers, rivers, and streams and underground. Water covers 3/4 of the Earth's surface. Only 3% is fresh water. Nearly 70% of fresh water is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps.
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Biosphere
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Includes all life on Earth, in the air, on the land, and in the waters.
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Geosphere
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Includes all the features on Earth's surface--the continents, islands and sea floor--and everything below the surface.
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Geosphere's Layers
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Crust
Mantle Outer Core Inner Core |
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Crust
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thin, rocky shell that includes continents and sea floor
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Mantle
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thick layer of hot rock
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Outer Core
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molten metal, mostly iron
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Inner Core
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solid metal, mostly iron
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Atmosphere and modern technology
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Scientists launch weather ballons, fly specially equipped planes, an view atmosphere in satellite images to help more accurately predict local weather.
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Hydrosphere and modern technology
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Scientists have used deep-sea vehicles,special buoys, satellite images, and diving suits to help study the world's oceans. This has helped them learn about how the currents interact with wind patterns and affect Earth's weather.
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Biosphere and modern technology
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Satellite photos are used to track yearly changes in Earth's plant and animal life.
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Geosphere and modern technology
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Scientists use satellite images, sound waves, and computer modeling to develop accurate pictures of features on and below Earth's surface.
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energy
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The ability to do work or to cause a change.
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matter
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anything that has weight and takes up space. Matter is usually solid, liquid or gas.
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planet
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a spherical body, usually larger than a comet or an astroid, that orbits the sun or a similar body that orbits a different star.
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satellite
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an object that orbits a more massive object.
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