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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is hyperflexion?
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injury occurs when the head is suddenly and forcefully accelerated forward
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What is hyperextension
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injury occurs when the head is suddenly and forcefully snapped backward, like being hit from behind
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What is Axial loading injury?
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sometimes called vertical compression. A blow to the top of the head
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What are the s/s of anterior cord syndrome?
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Motor function, pain, and temp are lost but touch, position, and vibration are intact
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What is the usual cause of anterior cord syndrome?
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decreased blood supply
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what are the s/s of posterior cord syndrome?
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motor function remains, loss of vibratory sense, crude touch, & position sensation
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How is Brown-sequard syndrome acquired?
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penetrating injuries that affect 1/2 the spinal cord.
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What are the s/s of Brown-Sequard syndrome? (injured side)
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motor function, vibration, proprioception & deep touch are lost on the side of injury
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What are the s/s of Brown-Sequard syndrome? (uninjured side)
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sensation of pain, temperature, & light touch are affected
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What is central cord syndrome?
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loss of motor function in the upper extremities than in the lower extremities. Some sensation does remain.
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Autonomic dysreflexia is common at a SCI of this location?
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T6 and above
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At what level is a SCI fatal?
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C2 - C3
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What is the first priority of care w/SCI?
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airway
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How is an SCI diagnosed?
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X-ray, CT, or MRI
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What is a drug that will be given within 8hrs of a SCI to improve neurologic recovery?
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Corticosteroids like solumedral or Decodrone
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Is a pt. w/ SCI hyper or hypo-tensive? what medication will you give for treatment?
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hypotension
Atropine - 0.5mg Dopamine, Dobutrex, Vasopressin, or Levaphite |
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What other drugs, other then corticosteroids & vasopressors, would you give for a pt w/ SCI?
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Antispasmodics (Baclofen, Valium, Dantrolene)
Analgesics/NSAIDs (morphine/toradol) PPI - Protonix stool softeners Lovenox for prevention of DVT |
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What is the goal of high dose steroid therapy?
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to decrease edema/inflammation that can lead to ischemia
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When is spinal shock over?
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when the reflexes return
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what are the s/s of spinal shock?
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flaccid paralysis below level of injury, loss of reflexes, loss of sensations of touch, temp, pressure & pain, bowel & bladder dysfunction, loss of the ability to perspire, neurogenic shock
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how does neurogenic shock persist?
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bradycardia & hypotension
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What is the cause of autonomic dysreflexia?
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lack of control of the autonomic nervous system, stimuli are trapped in a circle.
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what is the most common cause of autonomic dysrelexia?
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bowel & bladder problems
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What does AD cause?
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massive vasoconstriction
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What are the s/s of AD?
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severe pounding HA
hypertension 300/150 flushed warm skin anxiety bradycardia |
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If untreated, what can AD cause?
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stroke
MI seizures |
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What medications are you going to give to someone w/AD?
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1st remove noxious stimuli
Nimotop (CCB) hydralzine 10-20mg IM/IV (vasodialator) nitroprusside |
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What are the names of the commonly used traction devices?
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Gardner-Wells
Crutchfield tongs |
