Sci 112 Chapter 7

Front 1

Population

Back 1

can be defined as a group of individuals of the same species inhabiting an area.

Front 2

Natality

Back 2

the number of individuals added to the population through reproduction over a paticular time period.

Front 3

Birthrate

Back 3

the number of individuals born per 1000 individuals per year.

Front 4

Morality

Back 4

the number of deaths in a population over a particular time period.

Front 5

Death Rate

Back 5

the number of people who die per 1000 individuals per year.

Front 6

Survivorship Curve

Back 6

the proportion of individuals likely to survive to each age.

Front 7

Population Growth Rate

Back 7

the birthrate minus the death rate.

Front 8

Sex Ratio

Back 8

refers to the relative numbers of males and females.

Front 9

Age Distribution

Back 9

the number of individuals of each age in the population.

Front 10

Population Density

Back 10

the number of organisms per unit area.

Front 11

Dispersal

Back 11

the movement from densely populated locations to new areas.

Front 12

Emigration

Back 12

the pressure to migrate from a population.

Front 13

Immigration

Back 13

the migration into a new area.

Front 14

Biotic Potential

Back 14

inherent reproductive capacity which is its biological ability to produce offspring.

Front 15

Lag Phase

Back 15

the population grows very slowely because there are few births.

Front 16

Exponential Growth Phase

Back 16

when the population begins to increase at an accelerating rate.

Front 17

Deceleration Phase

Back 17

the population growth rate will begin to slow as the death rate and the birthrate come to an equal one another.

Front 18

Stable Equilibrium Phase

Back 18

when the birthrate and death rate become equal the population will stop growing and reach a relatively stable population size.

Front 19

Limiting Factors

Back 19

the factors that prevent unlimited population growth.

Front 20

Environmental resistance

Back 20

all of the different limiting factors that act on a population.

Front 21

Extrinsic Limiting Factors

Back 21

some factors that control populations coming from outside the population.

Front 22

Intrinsic Limiting Factors

Back 22

regulated factors from within the populations themselves.

Front 23

Density- Dependent Limiting Factors

Back 23

those that become more effective as the density of the population increases.

Front 24

Density- Independent Limiting Factors

Back 24

population controlling influences that are not related to the density of the population.

Front 25

Carrying Capacity

Back 25

the maximum sustainable population for an area.

Front 26

K-Strategists

Back 26

organisms that typically reach a stable population as the population reaches the carrying capacity.

Front 27

R-Strategists

Back 27

typically small organisms that have a short life; produce many offspring, exploit unstable environments and do not reach a carrying capacity.

Front 28

More- Developed countries

Back 28

typically have per capita income that exceeds US$ 10,000 and have a combined population of about 1.2 billion people

Front 29

Less- Developed countries

Back 29

have a per capita income of less than US$ 5000 the population totals almost 5.3 billion people and nearly 3 billion live on less than US$ 2 a day.

Front 30

Population Density

Back 30

the number of people per unit of land area.

Front 31

Extrinsic Limiting Factors

Back 31

some factors that control populations coming from outside the population.

Front 32

Intrinsic Limiting Factors

Back 32

regulated factors from within the populations themselves.

Front 33

Density- Dependent Limiting Factors

Back 33

those that become more effective as the density of the population increases.

Front 34

Density- Independent Limiting Factors

Back 34

population controlling influences that are not related to the density of the population.

Front 35

Carrying Capacity

Back 35

the maximum sustainable population for an area.

Front 36

K-Strategists

Back 36

organisms that typically reach a stable population as the population reaches the carrying capacity.

Front 37

R-Strategists

Back 37

typically small organisms that have a short life; produce many offspring, exploit unstable environments and do not reach a carrying capacity.

Front 38

More- Developed countries

Back 38

typically have per capita income that exceeds US$ 10,000 and have a combined population of about 1.2 billion people

Front 39

Less- Developed countries

Back 39

have a per capita income of less than US$ 5000 the population totals almost 5.3 billion people and nearly 3 billion live on less than US$ 2 a day.

Front 40

Population Density

Back 40

the number of people per unit of land area.

Front 41

Ecological Footprints

Back 41

a measure of the land required to provide the resources and absorb the wastes of a population.

Front 42

Demography

Back 42

the scientific study of human population and their characteristics and how these characteristics affect growth.

Front 43

Total Fertility Rate

Back 43

the number of children born per woman in her lifetime

Front 44

Replacement Fertility

Back 44

parents that produce 2 children to replace them when they die.

Front 45

Zero Population Growth

Back 45

when a population is not growing, and the number of births equals the number of deaths

Front 46

Age Distribution

Back 46

the number of people of each age in the population.

Front 47

Standard of Living

Back 47

an abstract concept that attempts to quantify the quality of life of people.

Front 48

Gross National Income

Back 48

the GNI index measures the total goods and services generated within a country as well as income earned by citizens of the country who are living in other countries.

Front 49

Demographic Transition

Back 49

a series of stages a population goes through.

Front 50

Postwar baby boom

Back 50

born during an approximately 15 year period.