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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Androgens are ____ Carbon steroids.
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19.
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Estrogens are ____ Carbon steroids.
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18.
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Progestins are ___ Carbon steroids.
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21.
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What inhibits sperm production when there is sufficient supply?
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Inhibin from the Sertoli cells. Decreases FSH release.
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Activin has what action?
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Increases FSH release increasing Testostosterone production.
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What is the action of Follistatin?
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it binds to activin decreasing free activin plasma levels.
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Where does Spermatogenesis occur?
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in the Sertoli cells in the Seminiferous tubules.
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What activates Lydiger cells?
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LH.
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What do the Spermatogonia cells do?
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Produce Sperm cells.
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Sertoli cells connect through tight junctions forming the ________ barrier.
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Blood-testes.
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the environment in the testes is unique how?
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High androgen binding proteins,
Androgens and estrogens, Growth factors and Cytokines Inhibin and activin Inc. K+ and low Na+ |
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What is the most potent androgen?
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Dihydrotestosterone.
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True or false. Testosterone acts as a feedback mechanism.
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True.
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Testosterone + __________=DHT.
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5 Alpha Reductace.
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True or False. Androgens increase the levels of good cholesterol.
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False the increase VLDL, LDL, and decrease HDL.
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Spermatogenesis is stimulated by what hormones?
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FSH and Testosterone.
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True or false. Cholesterol is the root molecule for the production of the sex hormones.
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True.
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Spermatogonium (stem cells) divide by....
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Mitosis.
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Primary Spermatocyte goes through meiosis I explain.
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DNA replication
Tetrad Formation!!!! Chromosome sorting and crossing over. |
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Testosterone and DHT bind to what receptors?
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Androgen receptors, then they change gene expression.
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What is the first sign of puberty in a male?
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Enlarged Testicles.
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What stimulates the Testes to grow?
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Gonadotrophins.
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GnRH is released from where?
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Hypothalamus.
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What inhibits the release of GnRH?
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Anderogens
Estrogens Progesterone LH FSH High Stress Exercise |
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Secondary Spermatocytes (after meiosis I) has what?
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Has 23 chromosomes each 2 cromatids joined by a centromere
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Where is LH produced?
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in the Pituitary.
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What inhibits LH release?
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Sex Steroids
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What is the difference between Meiosis I and II?
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Primary is chromosome separation
Secondary is chromatid separation. |
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Where is FSH produced?
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Pituitary.
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What inhibits FSH Production?
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Sex steroids and Inhibin.
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what activates release/production of FSH?
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GnRH and activin.
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What receptors does GnRH act on?
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G-protein receptors increasing Adenylate Cyclase and phospholipase activity, cAMP, and Intracellular calcium ions. STIMULATES FSH and LH production.
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True or False. Down regulation occurs to GnRH receptors if continually activated.
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True
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What cells do FSH and LH act on?
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FSH acts on sertoli cells of testes prodiding environment for gamit fomulation (Spermatogenesis)
LH acts on Leydig cells of testes to produce Testosterone. |
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GnRH is released from the ________?
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Hypothalmus.
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What is important according to Dr. Schrier about the release of GnRH?
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it is released in pulses!!!!!!
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What is the order of Sperm production from spermatogonium.
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Mitosis (cell division)
meiosis I - Chromosomes Meiosis II - Chromatids. |
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A chromatid is ________ of a chromasome.
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1/2.
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True or False. After Mitosis both Spermatagonia go into the Blood stream to become sperm.
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False 1 enters the blood stream the other remains as a spermatagonia.
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Sperm are stored and matured in the _________.
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Epididymus.
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The ____________ produce about 60% of semen.
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Seminal vesicles.
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The ______ produces about 30% of semen and an alkaline substance for survival of sperm.
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Prostate.
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The _______ produces clotting factors for Post Ejaculation.
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Seminal vesicles and prostate.
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Semen is composed of _______.
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Sperm cells and gland secretions.
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Parasympathetic is ______ and sympathetic is _______ durring arousal.
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Increased
Decreased. |
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What autonomic Neurotransmitter stimulates penile vasodilation to produce an erection?
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Acetylcholine.
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Ejactulation is stimulated by the Sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system.
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Sympathetic.
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Drugs to treat impotance.
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pnetolamine, Ppaaverine, Peg1, VIP.
Most commonly used Phospho diesterase inhibitors. |
