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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thorndike
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1.The most basic form of learning is trial and error learning.
2.Learning is incremental not insightful. 3.Learning is not mediated by ideas. 4.All mammals learn in the same manner. Connectism Law of Effect Law of Exercise Law of Recency Law of Readiness "ACTIVE LEARNING" Puzzle boxes with cats |
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Watson
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Introduced the term "Behaviorism"-"Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It"
Law of Frequency Twelve Infants Quote Little Albert Experiment |
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Pavlov
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Classical Conditioning with dogs
1. Neutral Stimulus (NS) is given 2. NS is combined with Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) --> Unconditioned Response (UCR) 3. Conditioned Stimulus is created (CS) --> Conditioned response (CR) Can explain FEARS and PHOBIAS Conditioned Reflex Learning is a stimulus response connection |
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Edwin Guthrie
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Contiguity Theory "A stimulus that is followed by a particular response will tend to be followed by the same response again..gaining its full strength in one trial."
Little research |
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Clark Hull
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S-O-R
Habit Strength Organism's Drive (internal state of arousal that motivates bx) Inhibitory factors can decrease the likelihood of a response Habit Family Hierarchy (an organism will usually choose the strongest response connected to the strongest habit) |
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BF Skinner
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Operant Conditioning (a response followed by a reinforcing stimulus is strengthened and more likely to occur)
Extinction (a response not followed by a reinforcing stimulus is weakened and less likely to occur) |
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Bandura
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Social Learning Theory
Learning occurs not only through R+ and punishers but also observation MODELING Reciprocal nature of consultative interactions |
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Carol Dweck
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Attribution Theory
How people attribut success or failures to internal or external forces |
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Piaget
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Human development is the progressive adaptation to the environment through ASSIMILATION AND ACCOMODATION
Infants biologically predisposed to develop and acquire info by interacting with environment |
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Accomodation
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The modification of mental schemes in response to the demands of the environment (child learns through play spending that dime is worth more than a nickel)
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Assimilation
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Using existing ideas in new sitiuations - attempt to generalize what is learned.
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Gerald Caplan
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Consultation Models
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