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28 Cards in this Set

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DSM-IV Dx of Schizophrenia
2 or more psychotic sx's for at least 1 month
Impairment of social or occupational functioning
Sx's not due to mood disorder, schizoaffective disorder, medical, neuological, or substance-induced disorder
Duration of illness at least 6 months
What are the psychotic Sx's?
Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganized Speech
Disorganized or Catatonic Behavior
Negative Symptoms (social withdrawal)
Prevalence of Schizophrenia?
around 1%
Where is there a higher prevalence?
Urban settings
Lower SES
How many new cases per year?
0.5 - 5 per 10,000
Age of onset?
Men: 15-25
Women: 20-30
Why is the onset later for women?
estrogen is neuroprotective
Etiology of Schizophrenia
main categories
Genetic
Environment (think neuroimmune virology)
Risk Factors
What are some risk factors for developing Schizophrenia?
Season of Birth (winter)
Birth Complications
Advanced Paternal Age
Drug use: esp weed
What does brain imaging look like in a schizophrenic patient?
Reduced Cortical Areas
Increased Ventricles
Decreased Limbic Areas
4 broad categories of Schizophrenia Sx's?
Positive Sx's
Negative Sx's
Thought Disorganization
Cognitive Sx's
What are examples of Positive Sx's?
Delusions
Hallucinations
What are examples of Negative Sx's?
Blunted Affect
Social Withdrawal
Lack of Motivation
What are examples of Thought Disorganization?
Loosed Associations
Neologisms
What are examples of Cognitive Sx's?
Memory Deficit
Concentration Problems
Natural History of Schizophrenia
PHASE 1: Prodrome
Genetic predisposition
Vulnerability of Neuro Dev
Early Environmental factors
PHASE 2: Psychotic Phase
Psychotic Break
(dx and rx)
PHASE 3: Resolution of Pos Sx's
Late Environmental Factors

Alternates: Remission, Relapse, Chronic Deterioration
Three Categories of Rx for Schizophrenia?
Psychosocial Rehab
Psychotherapy
Meds
Examples of Psychosocial Rehab
Vocational Rehab
Occupational Rehab
Ex. of Psychotherapy
Family Intervention
CBT
Meds for Schizophrenia
Antipsychotics
Antidepressants or Anxiolytics
2 categories of Antipsychotics
First Gen
Second Gen
2 Types of First Gen AP's
High Potency
Low Potency
High Potency AP examples?
Haloperidol
Fluphenazine
Pimozide
Low Potency AP examples?
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine
Sulpride
Who are the 2nd Gen AP's?
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Ziprasidone
Aripiprazole
Paloperidone
Who is in a class all by itself?
Clozapine
Pros and Cons of Clozapine?
PRO's: better efficacy

CON's: SE
SE of Clozapine
Sedation
Wt Gain
Seizures
AGRANULOCYTOSIS