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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
DSM-IV Dx of Schizophrenia
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2 or more psychotic sx's for at least 1 month
Impairment of social or occupational functioning Sx's not due to mood disorder, schizoaffective disorder, medical, neuological, or substance-induced disorder Duration of illness at least 6 months |
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What are the psychotic Sx's?
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Hallucinations
Delusions Disorganized Speech Disorganized or Catatonic Behavior Negative Symptoms (social withdrawal) |
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Prevalence of Schizophrenia?
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around 1%
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Where is there a higher prevalence?
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Urban settings
Lower SES |
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How many new cases per year?
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0.5 - 5 per 10,000
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Age of onset?
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Men: 15-25
Women: 20-30 |
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Why is the onset later for women?
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estrogen is neuroprotective
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Etiology of Schizophrenia
main categories |
Genetic
Environment (think neuroimmune virology) Risk Factors |
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What are some risk factors for developing Schizophrenia?
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Season of Birth (winter)
Birth Complications Advanced Paternal Age Drug use: esp weed |
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What does brain imaging look like in a schizophrenic patient?
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Reduced Cortical Areas
Increased Ventricles Decreased Limbic Areas |
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4 broad categories of Schizophrenia Sx's?
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Positive Sx's
Negative Sx's Thought Disorganization Cognitive Sx's |
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What are examples of Positive Sx's?
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Delusions
Hallucinations |
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What are examples of Negative Sx's?
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Blunted Affect
Social Withdrawal Lack of Motivation |
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What are examples of Thought Disorganization?
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Loosed Associations
Neologisms |
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What are examples of Cognitive Sx's?
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Memory Deficit
Concentration Problems |
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Natural History of Schizophrenia
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PHASE 1: Prodrome
Genetic predisposition Vulnerability of Neuro Dev Early Environmental factors PHASE 2: Psychotic Phase Psychotic Break (dx and rx) PHASE 3: Resolution of Pos Sx's Late Environmental Factors Alternates: Remission, Relapse, Chronic Deterioration |
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Three Categories of Rx for Schizophrenia?
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Psychosocial Rehab
Psychotherapy Meds |
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Examples of Psychosocial Rehab
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Vocational Rehab
Occupational Rehab |
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Ex. of Psychotherapy
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Family Intervention
CBT |
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Meds for Schizophrenia
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Antipsychotics
Antidepressants or Anxiolytics |
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2 categories of Antipsychotics
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First Gen
Second Gen |
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2 Types of First Gen AP's
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High Potency
Low Potency |
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High Potency AP examples?
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Haloperidol
Fluphenazine Pimozide |
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Low Potency AP examples?
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Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine Sulpride |
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Who are the 2nd Gen AP's?
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Olanzapine
Risperidone Quetiapine Ziprasidone Aripiprazole Paloperidone |
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Who is in a class all by itself?
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Clozapine
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Pros and Cons of Clozapine?
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PRO's: better efficacy
CON's: SE |
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SE of Clozapine
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Sedation
Wt Gain Seizures AGRANULOCYTOSIS |