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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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lifetime prevelance of schizophrenia
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1%
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positive symptoms
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-delusions (FIXED, false beliefs)
-hallucinations (auditory hallmark) |
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negative symptoms
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-blunted effect
-anhedonia -avolition -poverty of speech -poor hygiene |
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nigrostriatal dopaminergic tract function (2)
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1)EPS
2)movement |
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mesolimbic function (4)
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1)arousal
2)memory 3)stimulus processing 4)motivational behavior |
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mesocortical function (4)
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1)cognition
2)communication 3)social function 4)stress response |
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tuberoinfundibular function (1)
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1)regulates PL release
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neurochemical alterations in the limbic system and mesocortical tract
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mesolimbic system has increased DA, mesocortical tract has decreased DA
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positive symptoms are thought to come from which dopaminergic tract?
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2-mesolimbic
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negative symptoms are thought to come from which dopaminergic tract?
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3-mesocortical
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dystonia definition
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sustained muscle contraction
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onset of dystonia
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1-4d after dose administration or dose increase
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dystonia risk factors
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young males, high potency APs
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akathisia definition
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subjective feeling of motor restlessness
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akathisia objective signs
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-pacing
-tapping feet -inability to sit still |
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akathisia onset
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days to weeks
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akathisia occurence
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20-40% of pts treated w/ high potency agents
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list the four cardinal symptoms of pseudoparkinsonism
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1)akinesia, bradykinesia, bradyphrenia
2)resting tremor 3)cogwheel rigidity 4)postural abnormalities |
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pseudoparkinsonism onset
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1-2wks after initiation of therapy or dose increase
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pseudoparkinsonism risk factors
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-female
-age >40 -high potency APs |
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tardive dyskinesia definition
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abnormal involuntary movements
(chewing/lip smacking, foot tapping, toe movement, tics, grimaces, blinking, tongue thrusting) |
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movements tend to increase when a patient is _____ and disappear during _____
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aroused; sleep
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tardive dyskinesia onset
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insidious, occurs w/ chronic treatment
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tardive dyskniesia risk factors
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-increasing age
-acute EPS -poor AP response -organic mental d/o -diabetes -mood d/o -females |
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key to tardive dyskinesia
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prevention since it is often irreversible
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neuroleptic malignant syndrome characterization
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-hyperpyrexia
-altered MS -tachycardia -fluctuating BP -sweating -urinary, fecal incontinence -rigidity |
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abnormal labs that are common with neuroleptic malignant syndrome
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elevated CPK, LFTs
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risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome
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pts receiving high potency, injectible, or depot APs
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neuroleptic malignant syndrome onset
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ranges from initial treatment to several months after initial treatment
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effect of APs on ECG
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-APs can produce direct myocardial depression, and can antagonize sympathetic nervous system activity
-ECG changes include tachycardia, flattened T waves, ST segment depression, and prolongation of QT and PR intervals |
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normal prolactin concentration
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1.4ng/mL-26.7ng/mL
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elevated PL levels may lead to what? (5)
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1)amenorrhea
2)galactorrhea 3)gynecomastia 4)sexual dysfunction 5)osteoporosis |
