Sc Diseases - Sc Myelopathies

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compressive myelopathies

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extramedullary compression
intramedullary compression

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causes of extramedullary compression

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cervical spondylotic myelopathy
metastatic tumor
epidural abscess
1o tumors - meningioma or neurofibroma

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intramedullary compression causes

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astrocytoma
ependymoma

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clinical features of intramedullary compression are similar to

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central cord syndrome
UMN paraplegia

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inflammatory myelopathies

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poliomyelitis
transverse myelitis
HTLV1 myelopathy
AIDS vacuolar myelopathy
Tabes dorsalis

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poliomyelitis is an acute inflammatory process in _

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AHC in SC and brainstem

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poliomeylitis SX

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asymmetric flaccid LMN paralysis
pleocytosis and elevated protein in CSF

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_ is a rapidly developing myelopathy affecting both halves of the cord

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transverse myelitis

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transverse myelitis lesion histology

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white matter lesions w/ inflammatory cells

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etiology of transverse myelitis

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autoimmune
post-infectious or post-vaccinal
SLE
MS
paraneoplastic

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CSF in transverse myelitis

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pleocytosis
elevated proetin

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HTLV1 myelopathy SX

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slowly progressive paraplegia

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AIDS vacuolar myelopathy involves

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post column and pyramidal tracts

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tabes dorsalis occurs at what age

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5th decade of life

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pathology of tabes dorsalis is confined to

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dorsal roots and post columns

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tabes dorsalis presentation

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lancinating pains
progressive ataxia
absent reflexes
impaired proprioception
sphincter disturbance

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cardinal signs of tabes dorsalis

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areflexia
proprioception loss
Argyll robertson pupils
ataxia

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CSF findings in tabes dorsalis

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positive VDRL
pleocytosis
elevated protein

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TX for tabes dorsalis

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penicillin

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subacute combine degneration lesion

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demyelation in the pyramidal tract and post colum
peripheral neuropathy

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causes of subacute combine degeneration

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vitamin B12 def

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causes of vitamin B12 def

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pernicious anemia - most cmn
gasterectomy
blind loop syndrome
vegeterian diet

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age at which SED occurs

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middle age

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most common initial SX of SED

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parathesia of feet and hands

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_ is present in SEd due to post column fx disruption

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sensory ataxia

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bilateral babinski toe indicates involvement of _ in SED

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CST

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_ is a late sign in SED

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spastic weakness

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peripheral neuropathy in SED is characterized by _

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stocking glove sensory loss and ankle areflexia

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other CNS areas of involvement in SED

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optic nerve producing optic neuropathy
cortex producing dementia

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DX of SED

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low serum B12 level, megaloblastic anemia, and abnormal Schilling test

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TX of vitamin B12 def

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parenteral use of vitamin B12 for lifetime

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syringomyelia is a chronic progressive dz. characterized by

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syrinx
dissociated sensory loss in a vest like distribution

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common location of syrinx in syringomyelia

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lower cervical cord

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in syringomyelia, syrinx expansion compresses what

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CST
AHC
sympathetic fibers at T1 level

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SX of syringomyelia as syrinx expands

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UMN weakness below lesion
LMN signs at level of lesion
Horner's syndrome

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DX of syringomyelia

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MRI scan

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_ is a AR degenerative d/o

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Friedrich's ataxia

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Friedrich's ataxia involves

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post column DRG, CST, SCT

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Friedrich's ataxia SX usually begin at what age

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teens

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SX of Friedrich's ataxia

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pes cavus
areflexia
Babinksi toe sign
ataxia due to post column loss
Cardiomyopahty