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12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Muscular Adaptation


structural and architectural changes

RT increases myofibrial volume, cytoplasmic density, sarcoplasmic ret and t tubule density, and sodium potassium ATPase activity



sprint training enhances calcium release



ressistance training increases angle of pennation

mechanical loading (ML)

contribution of mechanical forces (pressure, friction, bending)

Bone modeling:

1. Bone bends due to force


2. Osteoblast lay down additional collagen fibers


3. dormant osteoblast migrate to the straining area


4. collagen fibers become mineralized, and the bone's diameter increases.

Type of bones

trabecular


-cancellous


-spongy


cortical


-compact


back squat stimulates bone formation in?

vertebral column and legs but not the wrist



specificity of loading

factors that stimulate bone growth

intensity



speed of loading



volume



direction of force


what two training types stimulate bone growth

aerobic and resistance

how can athletes stimulate bone formation

exs that directly load particular regions of skeleton



structural exercises



overload the musculoskeletal system and progressively increase the load



vary in exercise selection to change distribution


improvements in performance from anaerobic exercise

motor performance


aerobic capacity

excessive training on a short term basis

overreaching

mistakes that can lead to anaerobic overtraining

chronic use of high intensity/volume or a combination of the two



too rapid a rate of progression

detraining

strength losses appear related to neural mechanisms intitally, with atrophy predominating as the detraining period extends



amount of strength retained is higher than prevalues



muscle memory may have some validation