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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Source of insulin |
Pancreas |
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Source of glucagon |
Pancreas |
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Source of epi and glucocorticoid |
Adrenal |
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Source of GH and ACTH |
Ant pituitary |
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Source of thyroxine |
Thyroid gland |
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Source of somatostatin |
Pancreas |
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Give 7 enzymes increasing glu |
Glucagon Glucocorticoid Epinephrine Gh Acth Thyroxine Somatostatin |
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May encourage hyperglycemia |
Cortisol |
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Cellular-mediated Diabetes |
Type 1 |
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Insulin resistance dm |
Type 2 |
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Genetic beta cell function dm |
Type 2 |
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3 methods of diagnosis for DM |
Dm symptoms plus gluc random 200 or more
Fasting of 126 or more
Ogtt w 2 hour postload 75g gluc result of 200 or more |
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3 methods of diagnosis for DM |
Dm symptoms plus gluc random 200 or more
Fasting of 126 or more
Ogtt w 2 hour postload 75g gluc result of 200 or more |
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Criteria for pre-diabetes |
Gluc 100 or more but below 126
Ogtt 140 or more but less than 200 |
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Test for gestational diabetes |
Osullivan |
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Describe osullivan |
50g then draw 1 hr later |
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Initial test process for gtt |
140 or more post 1 hr (osullivan) |
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Level for hypoglycemia |
<70 |
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Most common method for glucose (2) |
Enzyme gluc oxidase or hexokinase |
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Not approved by ada for dx of dm |
Ogtt |
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Preferred method for a1c |
Affinity chromatography |
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1% change in a1c = level change in plasma |
35 mg/dl |
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1% change in a1c = level change in plasma |
35 mg/dl |
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Ref range for a1c |
4.5-8 |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Provide a ready energy source from stores lipids |
Ketones |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Provide a ready energy source from stores lipids |
Ketones |
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Increased with carb deprivation or dec carb use (dm, high fat diets) |
Ketones |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Provide a ready energy source from stores lipids |
Ketones |
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Increased with carb deprivation or dec carb use (dm, high fat diets) |
Ketones |
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2% ketone type |
Acetone |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Provide a ready energy source from stores lipids |
Ketones |
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Increased with carb deprivation or dec carb use (dm, high fat diets) |
Ketones |
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2% ketone type |
Acetone |
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20% ketone type |
Acetoacetic acid |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Provide a ready energy source from stores lipids |
Ketones |
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Increased with carb deprivation or dec carb use (dm, high fat diets) |
Ketones |
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2% ketone type |
Acetone |
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20% ketone type |
Acetoacetic acid |
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Type of ketone tested in urine |
Acetoacetic acid |
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Source of ketones |
Liver |
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Provide a ready energy source from stores lipids |
Ketones |
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Increased with carb deprivation or dec carb use (dm, high fat diets) |
Ketones |
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2% ketone type |
Acetone |
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20% ketone type |
Acetoacetic acid |
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Type of ketone tested in urine |
Acetoacetic acid |
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78% ketone type |
3-beta-hydroxybutyric acid |
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Early sign of renal nephropathy |
Microalbuminuria |
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Auto antibodies for dm |
Islet auto |
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Also known as beta islet cells |
Islet |
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Also known as beta islet cells |
Islet |
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Not recommended for dm dx |
Autoantibody and insulin testing |
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Type of diabetes due to autoantibodies to beta islet |
Type 1 |
