Sbl3: Skin Tumors, Hubbard

Front 1

Risk factors for skin cancer

Back 1

• Contact carcinogens
• Sunlight
• Tanning beds
• Genodermatoses

Front 2

Carcinoma that arises from epidermal keratinocytes

Usually seen in fair-skinned persons w/ excessive sun exposure

More common in men

Red, indurated papule, usually found on sun-exposed areas

Back 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 3

Precursor lesions to squamous cell carcinoma

Back 3

• Bowen’s disease
• Cutaneous horn
• Chronic ulcers
• Scar tissue
• Radiodermatitis

Front 4

Treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma

Back 4

• Cryosurgery
• Surgical excision
• Topical chemo (5-FU)
• Systemic chemo if metastatic

Front 5

Carcinoma that arises from immature pluripotential cells of the epidermis

Slow growing shiny pink papule w/ telangiectasias, mostly on sun-exposed areas

Associated w/ basal cell nevus syndrome, Bazex’s syndrome, and the genodermatoses

**over time, the lesions ulcerates and forms rolled borders**

Back 5

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 6

Skin cancer w/ highest mortality rate

Back 6

Melanoma

Front 7

Risk factors specific for melanoma

Back 7

• Dysplastic nevus syndrome (genetic predisposition in multiple family members)
• Actinic keratoses (scaly, rough patches in sun exposed areas, also associated w/ SCC)

Front 8

4 histologic types of melanoma

Back 8

• Superficial spreading
• Nodular
• Lentigo Maligna (Hutchinson’s freckle)
• Acral Lentiginous

Front 9

Most common histologic type of melanoma (70%)

Characteristic notching or indentation of the perimeter of preexisting nevus

Back 9

Superficial spreading

Front 10

Second most common histologic type of melanoma (15-30%)

Aggressive

Blue-black color w/ faster growth rate

Often raised or dome shaped

Back 10

Nodular

Front 11

Uncommon histologic type of melanoma that typically occurs on the face of older white women

Back 11

Lentigo Maligna

Front 12

Histologic type of melanoma that characteristically appears on palms and soles or on nail beds

More common in non-whites

Back 12

Acral Lentiginous

Front 13

Steps involved in making a melanoma

Back 13

• Genetic instability (usually resulting in aneuploidy)
• Deregulated proliferation
• Invasive potential
• Metastatic potential

Front 14

Measured using ocular staging micrometer

Used in the establishment of prognosis for melanoma

Back 14

Breslow thickness

Front 15

**Lymph node involvement in melanoma is more likely with ___**

Back 15

• Male gender
• Age > 50
• Greater thickness of primary melanoma (> 4mm, >50% risk)
• Ulceration

Front 16

Treatment used for patients w/ thick melanomas, in-transit metastases, and regional lymph node metastases

Involves the recruitment of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the destruction of the tumor

Considerable risk for side effects

Back 16

Alpha interferon

Front 17

Primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma

Highly malignant

Rapidly growing, bluish red color

Back 17

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Front 18

3 types of Histiocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)

Back 18

• Letterer-Siwe Disease
• Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease
• Eosinophilic Granuloma

Front 19

Histiocytosis X that occurs in children under 2

Typical signs and symptoms of leukemia

Acute, fulminant, rapidly progressive, and fatal

Back 19

Letterer-Siwe disease

Front 20

Histiocytois X that occurs in children 2-6 years of age

Characteristic triad is exopthalmos, diabetes insipidus, and bony involvement of the skull

Tends to be chronic

Back 20

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease

Front 21

Single or multiple small nodules on face and neck resembling common warts

Local resection is curative

Back 21

Trichilemmoma

Front 22

Tumor of hair follicle that appears as discrete skin colored papules on nasolabial folds, eyelids, and central face

May be confused w/ BCC

Back 22

Trichoepithelioma

Front 23

Tumor arising from the hair matrix

Back 23

Pilomatricoma

Front 24

Small, often closely set, yellowish papules on the vermillion border of lips or oral mucosa

They are actually ectopic sebaceous glands

Back 24

Fordyce’s spots (Fox-Fordyce Anomaly)

Front 25

Carcinoma that occurs most commonly in the conjunctiva of the upper eyelids in women in 6th to 8th decade

Higher incidence in Asians

May be confused w/ SCC or BCC

Back 25

Sebaceous carcinoma

Front 26

Benign tumor that arises from the outer cells of the intraepidermal duct

Most common on sole or palm

Often skin colored

Back 26

Poroma

Front 27

Benign tumor arising from the intradermal coiled duct of eccrine gland

Presents as multiple firm, smooth, dome shaped, movable, pink to red papules

More common in females

Back 27

Cylindroma (“turban tumor”)

Front 28

Solitary tumor of face, head, hand or foot

Widespread metastases common

Need to differentiate primary from metastatic (ie. Kidney)

Back 28

Clear cell carcinoma

Front 29

Low grade lymphoma of T cells that originates in the skin

May shed lymphoma cells into the blood (Sezary’s syndrome)

Strong association w/ CMV IgG

Back 29

**Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)**

Front 30

Benign tumor tumor that mimics the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body

Presents as small blue-red nodule in subcutaneous tissue or in subungual region of finger

Intense pain, but managed by simple excision

Back 30

Glomus tumor

Front 31

Cutaneous lymphangiosarcoma arising in chronically lymphedematous extremities

Back 31

Stewart-Treves Syndrome

Front 32

Malignant vascular lesion occurring in skin of lower extremities

Common in elderly men of Mediterranean or Jewish descent

Back 32

Kaposi’s sarcoma (classic type)

Front 33

Most common of all benign neoplasms

Back 33

Lipoma

Front 34

Malignant tumor arising from fat

Treated w/ aggressive surgery

Back 34

Liposarcoma