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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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two types of "true" allergic disease in the skin
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Type 1 (anaphylactic) hypersensitivity
Type 4 (cell-mediated) hypersensitivity |
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allergic diseases that are hereditary and atopic
they ocur in individuals who have been previously sensitized to a specific allergen examples include food allergies and insect venom |
those mediated by IgE (Type 1 hypersensitivity)
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mechanism for type 1 hypersensitivity
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APCs present Ag to T cells
T-cell proliferation (Th2 activation) cytokines promote IgE response in B cells IgE binds to surface receptors of mast cells and other cells, enabling immune response clinical symptoms primarily mediated by release of histamine from mast cells and basophils |
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in the skin, atopic allergy appears as ___
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eczema
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two strategies for treatment of type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
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minimize clinical symptoms (adrenaline, antihistamines, corticosteroids, etc.)
immunotherapy to decrease initial immune response (limit antigen presentation or T cell function) |
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most common prescription drug for severe allergic reactions
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adrenaline (epinephrine)
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hypersensitivity in which the binding of Ab to insoluble Ag, w/out the direct involvement of lymphocytes
mechanism is identical to that of normal protective immunity against viral infection and tumor cells complement system is activated; neutrophil-dominated inflammation |
Type II hypersensitivity
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group of chronic bullous disease, mediated by autoantibodies against surface proteins of keratinocytes
Type II hypersensitivity what are the autoantigens involved? |
Pemphigus Vulgaris
desmogleins |
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hypersensitivity that involves reactions against soluble antigens circulating in the blood
Ab-Ag complexes are deposited in organs and activate complement |
Type III hypersensitivity
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what Ab classes are involved in SLE and why?
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IgG, IgM, and IgA
they are complement-fixers |
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hypersensitivity that results primarily from contact w/ compounds that sensitize the individual through the skin
involves activation of Th1 response reactions are delayed by 24-48 hours, due to T cell and macrophage migration |
type IV hypersensitivity
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non-infectious, chronic inflammatory disease of skin, characterized by well-defined erythematous plaques
persistent, abnormal epidermal cell hyperplasia resulting in increased thickness of the granular layer of the epidermis |
psoriasis
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