Sbl - Parasitology - Blood, Lymphatic

Front 1

Malaria life cycle stage that can reactivate to cause relapses:

Life cycle stage that releases merozoites:

What symptoms correlate with erythrocyte rupture?

How often are merozoites released in P. falciparum?

Back 1

hypnozoite

schizonts

fever, chills

daily

Front 2

Which Plasmodium can cause cerebral malaria and anemia?

P. falciparum is often resistant to what drug?

How is P. falciparum different from other Plasmodium species?

Back 2

P. falciparum

Chloroquine

more parasite replication/RBC lysis, proteins (knobs) on RBC membranes causes adhesion to vessels causes plugging

Front 3

Quartan malaria, merozoites replicate in older erythrocytes, 72hr fever, no hypnozoites:

Benign tertian malaria, merozoites prefer reticulocytes, 48hr fever, hypnozoites common:

Stain used on blood smear to see organisms:

Easier/more sensitive test than blood smear:

Back 3

P. malariae

P. ovale, P. vivax

Giemsa

Quantitative Buffy coat test

Front 4

DOC for P. falciparum:

Treatment for severe malaria:

Treatment for P. vivax:

Back 4

Artemether + Lumefantrine, or Artesunate + Mefloquine, Artesunate + Sulfodiazine + Pyrimethamine

rectal Artesunate + Artemether/Quinine IM

Chloroquine + Primaquine unless pt is G6PD deficient

Front 5

Patients who are naturally resistant to malaria:

Back 5

Duffy-negatives resist P. vivax
Hgb variants
Sickle trait, SCD
A-thal/B-thal trait
Hgb F persistence (hereditary)

Front 6

Babesia species infective in U.S.:

Reservoir and definitive host:

Humans are what type of host?

Life cycle differences between Plasmodium, Babesia:

Appearance in RBC's?

DOC for B. microti?

Back 6

B. microti

reservoir: white footed mice, definitive host: deer tick

dead-end hosts

no exoerythrocytic stage, binary fission, not schizogony

ring trophozoites

Clindamycin + Quinine, or Atocaquone + Azithromycin

Front 7

T. cruzi: (Chaga's disease)

Symptoms of acute phase?

Chronic complications?

DOC?

Back 7

usually asymptomatic, but can have fever, chagoma-like lesions, unilateral edema on eyelids (Romana's sign), lymphadenopathy, myocarditis

cardiomyopathy, GI pathologies

nifurtimox; also Benznidazole + Allopurinol

Front 8

Cause of West and East African sleeping sickness:

Vector - what life stage infects?

DOC to treat hemolymphatic stage of W. African trypanosomiasis:

DOC for E. African:

DOC for late disease, CNS involvement:

Back 8

West - T. brucei gambiense
East - T. brucei rhodiense

tsetse fly - trypanosome

pentamidine isothionate

suramin

melarsoprol

Front 9

2 major agents of human filariasis, and vector:

Cause of "river blindness" and vector:

Cause of calabar swelling and vector:

Back 9

W. bancrofti, B. malayi - mosquitoes

Onchocerca volvulus - black fly

Loa Loa - red fly

Front 10

Treatment for filarial infections:

Draunculus medinensis causes what?

Clinical features?

Treatment?

Back 10

Diethylcarbamazine, Ivermectin, surgical excision

guinea worm disease

worm appears in center of painful ulcer + inflammation/infection

progressive mechanical extraction (worm around a stick)

Front 11

Schistosoma species and body region usually affected:

found in Caribbean, Venezuela, Brazil, Arabia, Africa:

Species only found in Africa, India:

China, Taiwan, Phillipines, not usually Japan:

Back 11

S. mansoni - portal system of liver, colon, ileum

S. hematobium - venous plexus of bladder

S. japonicum - superior mesenteric veins - small intestine

Front 12

Schistosoma life cycle stage that infects snails:

Stage that penetrates human skin, causes infection:

Treatment:

Back 12

miracidia

cercariae

Praziquantel