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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
True or False: Placing an explicity OUTPUT statement in a DATA step overrides the implicit output, and SAS adds an observation to a data set only when an explicit OUTPUT statement is executed.
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true
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When a data set is ________, the values of an observation in the input data set become values of a variable in the output data set.
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rotated
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A ___ statement can be used within IF-THEN/ELSE statements to designate a group of statements to be executed, depending on whether the IF condition is true or false.
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do
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True or False: If you do not specify a SAS data set name or the reserved name _NULL_ in a DATA statement, then by default SAS automatically creates data sets with the names data1, data2, and so on in the work library.
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true
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You can output to multiple data sets by separating the data set names with a _______ after the output statement.
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space
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An alternate form of conditionally executing statements uses _______ groups.
______ <expression>; WHEN ( ) statement; WHEN ( ) statement; OTHERWISE statement; END; |
select
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You can use the ______ and _____ data set options to write different variables to different data sets.
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drop=, keep=
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True or False: You can specify the DROP= or KEEP= data set options in the OUTPUT statement.
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false
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True or False: In the Data step, the DROP and KEEP statements apply only to output SAS data sets.
However, the DROP= and KEEP= data set options can apply to both input and output SAS data sets. |
true
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True or False: You can use the DROP= and KEEP= data set options along with the DROP and KEEP statements in PROC steps.
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false
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SAS applies data set options to input data sets before it
*__________ programming statements *applies data set options to ________ data sets |
evaluates, output
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True or False: If a DROP or KEEP statement is used at the same time as a data set option, the data set option is applied first.
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false
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SAS processes a SAS data set from first obs to last obs by default.
The _______ and ______ data set options can be used to control which observations are processed. |
firstobs=, obs=
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True or False: You can use FIRSTOBS= and OBS= with input data sets only. You cannot use either data set option in the DATA statement.
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true
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The ________ data set option specifies the number of the last observation to process, NOT how many observations should be processed.
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obs=
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To guarantee that SAS processes all observations from a data set, you can use:
SAS-data-set(OBS=_____) |
max
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The ______ data set option specifies a starting point for processing an input data set.
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firstobs=
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_______ and _______ are often used together to define a range of observations to be processed.
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firstobs=, obs=
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True or False: The FIRSTOBS= system option for the individual data set overrides the FIRSTOBS= data set option.
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false
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How many observations will be read?
set prog2.military(firstobs=11 obs=25); 25, 15, 14, or 36 ? |
15
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True or False: The DROP= and KEEP= data set options cannot be used to exclude variables from processing during a PROC step.
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false
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True or False: DROP= and KEEP= do NOT affect the order in which the variables are processed.
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true
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You can use the DATA step to write:
* a custom _______ * data to an _______ file to be read by programming languages or software. |
report, external
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You can use the _________ procedure to read data from a SAS data set and write it to an external data source.
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export
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The ______ statement specifies at least one data set name that the SAS System uses to create an output data set.
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data
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Using the _______ keyword as the data set name causes SAS to execute the DATA step without writing observations to a data set.
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_NULL_
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The ______ statement can be used to specify the output destination for subsequent _____ statements in the DATA step.
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file, put
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True or False: You can use the FILE statement in conditional processing because it is executable.
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true
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The default file-specification for the FILE statement is _____.
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log
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A form of file-specification in the FILE statement that specifies the physical name of an external file, which is enclosed in quotes.
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'external-file'
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A form of file-specification in the FILE statement that specifies the file reference for an external file. You must have previously associated it with an external file in a FILENAME statement or function, or in an appropriate operating environment command.
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fileref
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A form of file-specification in the FILE statement that is a reserved file reference that directs the output from subsequent PUT statements.
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log
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A form of file-specification in the FILE statement that is a reserved file reference that directs the output from subsequent PUT statements to the same file as the output that is produced by SAS procedures.
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print
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True or False: You can only use one FILE statement to write multiple external files in a single DATA step.
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false
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True or False: You can use PRINT as your inital file-specification in the FILES statement to verify the contents of your output before creating an external file.
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true
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The _______ statement associates a SAS file reference with an external file or an output device.
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filename
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In the FILENAME statement fileref specifies any SAS _____.
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name
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In the FILENAME statement, this specifies any SAS name.
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fileref
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In the FILENAME statement, this specifies type of device or the access method that is used if the fileref points to an input or output device or location that is not a physical file.
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device-type
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In the FILENAME statement, this specifies a physical name of an external file. The physical name is the name that is recognized by the operating environment.
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'external-file'
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In the FILENAME statement, these are used to specify details, such as file attributes and processing attributes, that are specific to your operating environment.
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host-options
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The _____ statement can write lines to the external file taht is specified in the most recently executed FILE statement.
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put
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You list the variables whose values you want written in the PUT statement wiht simple ______ _______.
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list output
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The PUT statement writes a ________ value, inserts a ______, and then writes the next value.
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variable, blank
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True or False: When a quoted character string is used to specify a string of text to write in a PUT statement, SAS automatically inserts a blank space.
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false
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In the PUT statement, the values of character variables are _____-aligned in the field; leading and trailing blanks are removed.
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left
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The null PUT statement used to output a blank line.
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put;
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A ________ list output increases the versatility of the PUT statement because you can specify a SAS format to control how the variable values are written.
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modified
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To use modified list output in the PUT statement, user the _____ format modifier between the variable name and format.
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colon
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True or False: In Modified List Output, all leading and trailing blanks are deleted, and each value is followed by a single blank.
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true
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The _______ procedure enables you to browse external files with an interactive SAS session.
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fslist
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True or False: You can use the FSLIST procedure to browse SAS data sets.
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false
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PROC FSLIST ______=file specification <option(s)>;
RUN; |
fileref
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The _____ automatic variable is created by every DATA step.
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_N_
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Each time that that the DATA step loops past the DATA statement, _N_ is incremented by __. Therefore, the data value of _N_ represents the number of times that the DATA step _______.
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1, iterated
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True or False: _N_ is added to the Program Data Vector (PDV) and is outputted.
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false
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Be careful in a PUT statement of __________ lines within a quoted string because it will produce unexpected results.
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indenting
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To add a single column of column headers before the rows of data to an external file, you can use ___ put statements or use if _N_ = ___ then put....
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2, 1
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The ______ option in the SET statement creates and names a temporary variable that acts as an end-of-file indicator.
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end=
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The temporary variable created by the end= option in the SET statement is initialized to __. WHen the SET statement reads the last observation of the data set listed, the value of the variable is set to ___. The variable is not added to any new data set.
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0,1
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END= is an option in the _____ statement. It is not a data set option; it is not enclosed in _____.
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set, parentheses
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Use the _____ option in the FILE statement to create a file with an alternate delimiter (other than a blank).
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dlm=
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For the DLM= option in the FILE statement, you can specify a _________ variable whose value contains your delimeter instead of a quoted string.
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character
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The ______ option in the FILE statement will add quotes. (deliminated separated data)
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dsd
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The _______ statement prevents SAS from re-iitializing the values of new variables at the top of the DATA step.
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retain
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The RETAIN statement
* retains the value of the variable in the PDV across ______ of the DATA step. * initializes the retained variable to ________ before the first execution of the DATA step if an inital value is not specified * is a ________-time-only statement |
iterations, missing, compile
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The RETAIN statement has no effect on variables that are read with ______, ______, or UPDATE statements; values read from ____ data sets are automatically retained.
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set, merge, sas
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True or False: A variable referenced in the RETAIN statement appears in the output SAS data set only if it is not given an initial value or referenced elsewhere in the DATA step.
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false
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If you do not supply an initial value in the retain statement, all the values of your variable will be __________.
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missing
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In SAS, the result of any mathematical operation on a missing value is ______.
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missing
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If there are missing values in the data, you need to use a ________ in order to not get a missing value as the result of a mathematical operation.
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function
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When you create an accumulating total variable, an alternative to the RETAIN statement is the _____ statement.
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sum
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True or False: The sum statement does not begin with a keyword.
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true
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The SUM statement:
* creates the variable on the ___ side of the plus sign if it does not already exist. * initializes the variable to ____ before the first. iteration of the data step * automatically ________ the variable. * adds the variable of the ________ to the variable at ________ * ignores ______ values |
left, zero, retains, expression, execution, missing
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You can rearrange the observations into groups using the _______ procedure.
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sort
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The SORT procedure:
* rearranges the observations in a DATA set * can sort on ______ observations * creates a SAS data set that is a _______ copy of the input data set *replaces the input data set by ______ |
multiple, sorted, default
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The ____ statement in the DATA step enables you to process your data into groups.
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by
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When a BY statement is used with a SET statement, the data must
* be sorted or grouped in order by the ____ variable(s), or *have an _____ based on the ____ variable(s), or *reside in a ______ table |
by, index, by, DBMS
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The _______ variable has a value of 1 for the first observation in a BY group; otherwise, it equals 0;
The ______ variable has a value of 1 for the last observation in a BY group; otherwise, it equals 0. |
first., last.
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