Sara's Science

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HEREDITY

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PASSING OF TRAITS FROM PARENTS TO OFF SPRIN

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DOMINATE TRAIT

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THE TRAIT THAT ALWAYS APPEARS

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RECESSIVE TRAIT

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THE TRAIT THAT RECEDES INTO THE BACKGROUND

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GENES

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SET OF INSTRUCTIONS EACH PARENT DONATES

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ALLELES

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TWO GENES THAT GOVERN THE SAME CHARACTERISTICS

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GENOTYPE

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OFFSPRINGS INHERETED COMBINATION OF ALLELES

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PHENOTYPE

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AN ORGANISIM'S APPEARANCES

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PROBABILITY

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MATHMATICAL CHANCE THAT AN EVENT WILL OCCUR

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EX CELLS

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PARENT CELLS

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HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

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CHROMOSOME PAIRS

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MEIOSIS

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COPYING PROCESS THAT PRODUCES NEW CELLS WITH HALF THE USUAL NUMBERS OF CHROMOSOMES

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SEX CHROMOSOMES

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MALE/FEMALE GENDER

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NUCLEOTIDES

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FOUR SUBUNITS OF DNA

ADENINE, THYMINE, GUANINE, CYTOSINE

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RIBOSOMES

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"FACTORY" - IN THE CYTOPLASM, THE COPY OF DNA IS FED THROUGH A KIND OF PROTEIN ASSEMBLY LINE
TRANSFERENCE TAKES PLACE HERE

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WHAT DETERMINES THE ORDER OF THE BASES ON THE COPY OF DNA?

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AMINO ACIDS

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PROTEINS ACT AS?

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CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND THEY HELP DETERMINE CHARACTERISTICS
THERE ARE OVER 50,000 DIFFERENT KINDS OF PROTEINS

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EACH GROUP OF THREE BASES CODES HAS ONE

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AMINO ACID

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EACH SINGLE STRAND OF THE BASE IS

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ONE COPY STRAND
ONE ORIGINAL DNA

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COPY OF DNA STRAND IS FED THROUGH THE RIBOSOME
TRANSFER MOLECULES DELIVER AMINO ACIDS FROM THE CYTOPLASM OF THE CELL TO THE RIBOSOME
THE AMINO ACIDS ARE DROPPED OFF AT THE RIBOSOME
THE AMINO ACIDS ARE JOINED TOGETHER TO MAKE A PROTEIN

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X

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MUTATIONS

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SUBSTITUTION THAT OCCUR IN DNA

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MUTAGEN

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A PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL AGENT THAT CAN CAUSE AN DNA ERROR

BY DELETION OR ADDITION

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RED BLOOD CELLS CARRY

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OXYGEN

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DELETION

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LEFT OUT

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PEDEGREE

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A GENERATIONAL RECORD

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PROTEINS ARE MADE OF

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LONG STRINGS OF AMINO ACIDS

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DNA IS MADE OF

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LONG STRINGS OF NUCLEOTIDES

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CHROMOSOMES ARE MADE OF

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PROTEIN AND DNA

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THE DNA MOLECULE LOOKS LIKE A

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TWISTED LADDER

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THE RUNGS OF THE LADDER ARE MADE OF

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BASE PAIRS

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BASE PAIRS ARE EITHER

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ADENINE AND THYMINE
OR
CYTOSINE AND GUANINE

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DNA CARRIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION IN THE ORDER OF THE

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THE NECULEOTIDE BASES

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WHY CAN DNA BE COPIED?

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BECAUSE ONE STRAND OF THE MOLECULE SERVES AS A TEMPLATE FOR THE OTHERSIDE

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WHAT GENE IS CYSTIC FIBROSIS

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RECESSIVE OR DOMINATE

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A PROTEIN IS A LONG STRING OF THIS

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DOMINATE OR RECESSIVE

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A CHANGE IN THE ORDER OF BASES IN DNA IS CALL THIS

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MUTATION OR MUTAGEN

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A _______IS A PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL AGENT THAT CAUSES DAMAGE TO DNA

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MUTAGEN OR PEDIGREE

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DNA

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IS MADE UP OF THREE SUBUNITS
HAS A STRUCTURE LIKE A TWISTED LADDER
CANNOT BE REPAIRED IF IT IS MUTATED

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WATSON AND CRICK

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MADE MODELS TO DETERMINE THE STRUCTURE OF DNA

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HOW MANY AMINO ACIDS DOES DNA SEQUENCE A CODE FOR?

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?

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A GENE IS A

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SET OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR EACH TRAIT
INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO MAKE A PROTEIN
A PORTION OF A DNA STRAND

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AMINO ACIDES ARE JOINED TOGETHER AT?

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THE RIBOSOMES TO MAKE A PROTEIN

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THREE KINDS OF FINGER PRINTS

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WHORL
ARCH
LOOP

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WHY IS MEIOSIS IMPORTANT FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION?

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?

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IF BOTHE THE DOMINANT ALLELE AND THE RECESSIVE ALLELE ARE INHERITED FOR A CHARACTERISTIC, WHICH ALLELE IS EXPRESSED?

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DOMINATE

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MENDEL'S PEA PLANTS ARE SELF-POLINATING

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SELF BREEDING

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GENES ARE

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SETS OF INSTRUCTIONS

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A GENOTYPE IS A

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EXPRESSION OF THE GENOTYPE