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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic and immune system? |
b) Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
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2. What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid?
a) Composition of electrolytes b) White blood cells are present in lymph c) Location d) Types of proteins present e) Red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid |
c) Location
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3. Lack of resistance is also known as:
a) Pathogenic b) Innate c) Specific d) Susceptibility e) Lymphatic |
d) Susceptibility
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Essay: 4. Describe how lymphatic capillaries are one-way only vessels.
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The ends of the endothelial cells in the wall of the lymphatic capillary overlap. When pressure is higher in the interstitial fluid than in the lymph, the cells separate slightly allowing interstitial fluid into the vessel. When pressure is greater inside, the cells are tightly packed, not allowing the lymph to cross back into the interstitial fluid.
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5. What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?
a) Proteins b) WBC c) RBC d) Lipids e) Fats |
d) Lipids
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6. Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system?
a) Spleen b) Lymph node c) Red bone marrow d) Thymus e) Pancreas |
e) Pancreas
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7. The left subclavian vein receives lymph from
a) Left axillary vein b) Lumbar trunk c) Jugular trunk d) Thoracic duct e) Right lymphatic duct |
d) Thoracic duct
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8. The lymph from the right foot empties into the
a) Left axillary vein b) Lumbar trunk c) Jugular trunk d) Thoracic duct e) Right lymphatic duct |
d) Thoracic duct
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9. The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in
a) Lymphatic system b) Cardiovascular system c) Immune system d) Lymphatic and Immune systems only e) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems |
e) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
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Essay: Describe how edema can form.
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Edema can form by obstruction to lymph flow or increased capillary blood pressure causing interstitial fluid to form faster than it is reabsorbed.
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11. Which of the below produces the hormone that promotes maturation of T cells?
a) Spleen b) Lymph node c) Red bone marrow d) Thymus e) Pancreas |
d) Thymus
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12. In the thymus, where is it speculated that T cells die.
a) Capsule b) Trabeculae c) Epithelial cells d) Hasall’s corpuscles e) T cells do not die in the thymus |
d) Hasall’s corpuscles
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13. This portion of the lymph node does not contain any lymphatic nodules.
a) Inner cortex b) Outer cortex c) Medulla d) Sinuses e) Trabeculae |
a) Inner cortex
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14. Which of the following is a function of the spleen?
a) Removes worn out blood cells b) Circulates lymph c) Cleanses interstitial fluid d) Cleanses lymph e) Traps microbes with mucus |
a) Removes worn out blood cells
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15. Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier?
a) Macrophages b) Saliva c) Urine d) Mucus e) Stratified squamous epithelium |
a) Macrophages
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Essay: Describe the barriers used in innate defense.
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Barriers used by the innate defense include epidermis, mucus, hairs, cilia, lacrimal apparatus, saliva, urine, vaginal secretions, sebum, perspiration and gastric juices.
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17. Which of these provides a non-specific cellular disease resistance mechanism?
a) Macrophages b) T lymphocytes c) B lymphocytes d) Memory B cells e) Stratified squamous epithelium |
a) Macrophages
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18. These anti-microbial substances will diffuse to uninfected cells and reduce production of viral proteins.
a) Transferrins b) Perforins c) Complement proteins d) Defensins e) Interferons |
e) Interferons
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19. These anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis, phagocytosis and inflammation.
a) Transferrins b) Perforins c) Complement proteins d) Defensins e) Interferons |
c) Complement proteins
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20. These are mainly used to kill infectious microbes and tumor cells.
a) Natural killer cells b) Perforins c) platelets d) Mucus e) Antimicrobial proteins |
a) Natural killer cells
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21. Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?
a) Redness b) Pain c) Heat d) Mucus production e) Swelling |
d) Mucus production
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22. Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?
a) Complement proteins b) Perforin c) Fever d) Macrophages e) Natural killer cells |
c) Fever
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23. Which of the below do NOT induce vasodilation and permeability (increased fluid flow) to an infection site.
a) Histamines b) Kinins c) Perforin d) Leukotrienes e) Complement |
c) Perforin
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24. When B and T cells are fully developed and mature, they are known to be
a) Immunocompetent b) Pluripotent stem cells c) Primary lymphatic cells d) Specifically promoted e) Germ cells |
a) Immunocompetent
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25. This induces production of a specific antibody.
a) Phagocytosis b) Antigen c) Antibody d) Defensin e) Imunnoglobulin |
b) Antigen
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26. This can only stimulate an immune response if attached to a large carrier molecule.
a) Epitope b) Antigen c) Hapten d) MHC e) CD8 |
c) Hapten
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27. Which of the following is responsible for diversity in the immune system?
a) Antigen receptors b) MHC c) Hapten d) MHC and antigen receptors e) Epitopes |
d) MHC and antigen receptors
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28. This class of cells includes macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.
a) Antigen presenting cells b) Primary lymphocytes c) T cells d) RBC e) Epitope cells |
a) Antigen presenting cells
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29. This can only become activated when bound to a foreign antigen and simultaneously receiving a costimulate.
a) B Cell b) T Cell c) Interferon d) MHC e) Antigen presenting cell |
b) T Cell
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30. These display CD 4 in their membrane and are associated with MHC class II molecules.
a) Cytotoxic T cells b) Helper T Cells c) Memory T Cells d) MHC e) B cells |
b) Helper T Cells
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31. T Cells secrete this toxin that is used to fragment DNA.
a) Perforin b) Tumor antigen c) Interferons d) Lymphotoxin e) Toxin T |
d) Lymphotoxin
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Essay: List the five actions of antibodies
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Neutralizing the antigen
They can immobilize bacteria Agglutinating and precipitating antigen Activate the complement Enhancing phagocytosis |
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33. This class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions.
a) IgG b) IgA c) IgM d) IgD e) IgE |
b) IgA
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34. This will lead to inflammation, enhancement of phagocytosis and bursting of microbes.
a) Classical complement system b) Alternative complement system c) Apoptosis d) Classical and Alternative complement systems e) Hapten activation |
d) Classical and Alternative complement systems
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35. This action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis.
a) Opsonization b) Cytolysis c) Inflammation d) Complement e) Hybridoma |
a) Opsonization
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36. This is a self-responsive cell that is inactive.
a) Deleted cell b) Hybridoma cell c) Epitopic cell d) Anergy cell e) Natural killer cell |
d) Anergy cell
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49. This is characterized by the inability of the immune system to protect the body from a pathogen.
a) immunodeficiency diseases b) allergy c) autoimmune disease d) transplantations e) graft |
a) immunodeficiency diseases
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50. An acute allergic response can lead to:
a) transplantation b) retroviruses c) anaphylactic shock d) passive immunity e) active immunity |
c) anaphylactic shock
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51. A natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to:
a) Passive immunity b) Active immunity c) Both a and b d) None of the above |
b) Active immunity
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52. This class of antibodies is produced after an initial exposure to antigens.
a) IgA b) IgE c) IgM d) IgD e) IgG |
c) IgM
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53. Of the following which is considered the body’s second major defense.
a) Mucous cells b) Germ cells c) Lymphocytes d) Natural killer cells e) None of the above |
c) Lymphocytes
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54. Lymphocytes can recognize
a) Self cells b) Foreign cells c) B cells d) T cells e) Natural killer cells |
b) Foreign cells
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55. In B cell receptors, the light/heavy variable regions are located
a) Transmembrane region b) Tips of the molecules c) There is no variable region on a B cell receptor d) Depends on the type of B cell e) There are only constant regions |
b) Tips of the molecules
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56. What is the most polymorphic molecule in the immune system?
a) Lymphocytes b) Monocytes c) MHC d) WBC e) RBC |
c) MHC
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57. The primary response will peak how many days after an exposure?
a) 1 day or less b) 2-7 c) 10-17 d) 20-30 e) Over a month |
c) 10-17
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58. Which type of immunity defends against any type of invader?
a) Nonspecific b) Specific c) Cell mediated d) Antibody mediated immunity e) None of the above |
a) Nonspecific
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59. This is the ability of an antigen to react specifically with the antibodies or cells it has provoked.
a) Specificity b) Immunogenicity c) Reactivity d) Epitopes e) Immune Response |
c) Reactivity
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60. This is a small hormone that can stimulate or inhibit many normal cell functions.
a) Enzyme b) Kinins c) Cytokine d) MHC e) Leukocyte |
c) Cytokine
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