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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are differential diagnoses for hyperkalemia?
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Addisons
Acute renal injury UT obstructions/rupture |
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What are general differential diagnoses for PU/PD?
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Renal
Endocrine Hepatic CNS |
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What do you see on a CBC with Addisons?
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No stress leukogram due to the lack of cortisol
Na to K ratio is < 27 |
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How do you diagnose Addisons disease?
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ACTH stim test
see no change in cortisol |
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What steroid is best treatment for Addisons?
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Dexmethasone
it does not interfere with ACTH stim test |
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What drugs do you use as maintenance for Addisons?
When may you need to supplement with prednisone? |
Percorten- inj every month
Florinef- daily oral Percortin, Florinef has some glucocorticoid activity |
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What causes iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism?
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abrupt discontinuation of chronic corticosteroids
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What are the clinical signs of hypoadrenocorticism?
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Muscle weakness
weak pulses Bradycardia Prolonged CRT Severe mental depression |
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What are the results of mineralocorticoid deficiency? How does this effect the kidneys?
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Na, Cl, and water loss with potassium and H retention
Medullary washout and impaired urine concentration |
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What are the results of glucocorticoid deficiency? What does this cause?
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Decrease Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenolysis, and faulty energy metabolism
Mental depression, renal water retention, weakness |
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What are reasons for pre-renal azotemia?
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dehydration
hypovolemia GI hemorrhage |
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What are the five differential diagnoses for Na:K ratios less than 27?
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1) hyperadrenocorticism
2) GI disease 3) Acute renal failure 4) Post renal azotemia 5) Abdominal/thoracic effusions |
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What QUATs would you run on a suspected hypoadrenocorticism patient?
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PCV, total solids, BUN, blood glucose
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How is hypoadrenocorticism diagnosed by an EKG?
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Bradycardia, prolonged or absent P-wave, prolonged QRS complex and spiked T-wave
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What is primary hypoadrenocorticism? Who is this more common in cats or dogs?
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Immune mediated destruction of the adrenal cortex
Dogs |
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What is atypical Hypoadrenocorticism? What does this result in? Is this common or rare?
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Inadequate production of ACTH from pituitary
Rare |
