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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What causes hyperthyroidism?
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excessive production and secretion of T4 and T3 due to a functional thyroid tumor
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What are the two functional thyroid tumors?
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adenoma, bilateral
adenocarcinoma (rare) |
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What are three common presentations of hyperthyroid?
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Weight loss
ravenous appetite hyperactivity |
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What are differential diagnosis of hyperthyroid?
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GI tumor (lymphoma)
diabetes |
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What are findings on physical examination on a hyperthyroid cat?
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palpable thyroid (goiter)
thin tachycardic hyperactive |
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What is the signalment of a hyperthyroid patient?
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greater than 8 year old cat
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What is thyroid storm? How is this treated?
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Refers to stress/illness induced hyperthyroid crisis. Often characterized by cadiac failure, fever, may see pychosis followed by blood pressure collapse due to circulatory collapse
Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy-> cardiac failure, fatal arrhythmia Treat with beta blockers |
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What are T4 effects on the heart?
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Positive inotropic and chronotropic effect
too much can cause arrythmias |
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What are two causes of PU/PD in hyperthyroid cats?
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-Increased production of metabolic wastes
-Medullary washout due to increased renal blood flow |
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What causes vomiting and diarrhea in hyperthyroid cats?
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T4 affects the chemoreceptor trigger zone resulting in vomiting
causes osmotic and malabsorption, GI hypermotility resulting in diarrhea |
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Why are hyperthyroid cats vocal at night?
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hunger
headache from hypertension |
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What will you seen in a hyperthyroid cat on a CBC and biochem?
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stress leukogram, possible erythrocytosis
increased ALT, ALP due to increased turn over |
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What does the urinalysis show in a hyperthyroid cat?
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usual normal
if the animal is isothenuric that may suggest renal disease |
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What is the most diagnostic test for hyperthyroidism in cats?
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high T4
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What interferes with T4 in cats?
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nothing in cats
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What if you have a cat with a normal T4 and you believe it is hyperthyroid?
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retest the cat in a week
test free T4 T3 suppression test (positive result won't suppress) |
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What are additional workup for blood pressure in a hyperthyroid cat?
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fundic exam
UPC/urine culture - protein/creatinine ratio |
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How many times should you take a cats blood pressure in one visit? What limb?
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5 times
The same one each time |
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What should you look for in a thyroid scan?
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increased uptake of dye in thyroid gland compared to salivary gland
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What are three treatment options for hyperthyroid?
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Methimazole
Thytoidectomy Radioactive iodine 131 |
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Out of the treatment options for hyperthyroid, which is reversible and which is the gold standard?
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reversible: methimazole
gold standard: I131 |
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T/F
A thyroidectomy can be performed in a general practice and is a curative procedure |
True
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How long will it take for T4 levels to decrease after treatment with radioactive iodine?
What are three disadvantages of this? |
8 days post-treatment
1) Expense 2) Availability 3) Time away from owner |
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If initial treatment of I131 does not work, what is the likely diagnosis? Is this diagnosis treatable?
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Adenocarcinoma
Yes, higher dosage of iodine |
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How often do you give Methimazole to treat hyperthyroid?
How does it work? Does nodule/goiter go away? |
Everyday for the life of the cat
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking incorporation of iodine No, goiters will keep growing |
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What are three side effects of Methimazole (Tapazole)?
What should you do? |
1) Vomiting (bitter)
2) Facial pruritus 3) Bone marrow suppression Stop medication, try transdermal form |
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What are the three alternative therapies to hyperthyroid?
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1) Iopanoic acid- blocks conversion of T4 to T3
2) Percutaneous abladion 3) Hills- y/d (no iodine) |
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What is the prognosis for cats with hyperthyroidism?
Why is it better with radioactive iodine? |
Good
Owners often don't remember to give methimazole |
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What is the most common cause of canine thyroid disease?
Are they functional? What are the tumor characteristics? |
Malignant thyroid tumors (90%)
Rarely, so no hyperthyroid, not picked up on thyroid scan Invasive, vascular, met to lungs, LN |
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What is the signalment for dogs with thyroid disease?
What three breeds have an increased incidence? |
Middle age to older dogs (avg 10 yrs)
Boxer, Beagle, Goldens |
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What is the treatment for thyroid disease in dogs? Is it curative?
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Surgery
No |
