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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four types of cardiomyopathies?
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DCM
HCM Restrictive CM Boxer CM |
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What breed of dogs is DCM seen in.
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Giant and large breeds especially dobbies)
on histo see wavy myofibers, fibro-fatty infiltration and loos of myocytes |
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What are the stages is DCM and the ages that they occure?
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arrhythmogenic stage (2-5 years)
occult stage (3-6 years) Classic stage (6-9 years) (systolic failure) |
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What signifies animals in the arrhthmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM)?
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VPD's
morphological changes heart failure |
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What do the majority of dogs with ACM present with?
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Left sided heart failure
pulmonary edema -> dyxpnea, chronic cough, syncope right sided-ascites syncope and exercise intolorance |
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Where do you listen for mitral valve regurgitation?
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apex of apex of the heart on the left side
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What type of EKG abnormality do you see with dobbies with DCM?
Giant breeds? |
VPDs
Atrial fibrilation |
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How do know when to treat atrial fibrillation alone?
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if heart rate is greater than 90 then treat with beta blockers, diltiazem
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When do you treat ventricular arrhythmias?
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When you see syncope, collapse or frequent VPDs
treat with sotalol and mexiletine |
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What is the main treatment of classic stage DCM?
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FONS, furosemide, ACE inhibitors, pimpbendan
at home owners adjust furosemide by heart rate |
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What is the survival time in classic DCM?
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1 year
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What percentage of animals will survive hospitalization from DCM?
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75%
patients are given furosemide (IV), O2, sedation to decrease stress, positive inotrope (pimobendan) |
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What is a differential diagnosis for DCM?
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pericardial effusion
fluids given SQ to allow animals to move fluid where needed |
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What drugs can you used for atrial fibrillation?
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Digoxin, propranolol and diltiazam
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How do you treat DCM?
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treat symptoms, control pulmonary edema, improve contractility (pimobenden), ACE to blunt RAAS, control fibrillations with beta blockers
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What is the most abundant amino acid in the body?
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taurine - regulates Ca influx
animals can become deficient if it is lacking in their diet. |
