Salmonella And Shigella

Front 1

all members of the enterobacteriaceae family have what four characteristis

Back 1

1. facultative anaerobes
2. they ferment glucose
3. oxidase negative
4. they reduce nitrates to nitrites

Front 2

what type of bacteria is salmonella
gram? spore? aerobic?

Back 2

gram negative rods
non-spore forming
facultative anaerobes

Front 3

lactose fermenting salmonella?

Back 3

salmonella does not ferment lactose

Front 4

H2S produced by salmonella?

Back 4

produce H2S

Front 5

motility of salmonella

Back 5

if present due to presence of lagella


shigella is non motile

Front 6

the many serotypes of salmonella are detected by

Back 6

antigen-ab reactions

Front 7

unique antigen only for salmonella typhi called

Back 7

Vi antigen

Front 8

salmonella has what three antigens

Back 8

O antigen (LPS)
H antigen (part of flagella)
Vi antigen

Front 9

there are three serotypes of salmonella - which is the only one with more than one serotype

Back 9

salmonella enteritidies

Front 10

common sources of labrotory confiramtion of specimens of salmonella

Back 10

feces, blood, urine

Front 11

salmonella - lactose fermenting?

Back 11

non-lactose fermenting

Front 12

interms of inoculum needed for disease how does salmonella and shigella differ

Back 12

salmonella requires high inoculum

Front 13

three distinguishable syndromes caused by salmonella

Back 13

1. enteric fever
2. septicemias
3. acute gastroenteritis

most serotypes cause only gastroenteritis

Front 14

typhoid fever is caused by

Back 14

salmonella

Front 15

salmonella - extracellular or intracellular

Back 15

facultative intracellular

Front 16

"rose spots" are characteristic of

Back 16

typhoid fever - salmonella

Front 17

does typhoid fever cause diarrhea

Back 17

usually no

Front 18

osteomyelitis may occur in patients with sicle cell anemia

Back 18

typhoid fever

Front 19

salmonella which causes typhoid fever mutiplys w/in what cells

Back 19

mononuclear cells of Peyer's patches of small intestine

Front 20

how does salmonella disseminate

Back 20

enters intestinal lymphatics - travels via the thoracic duct to the blood - goes to the spleen, bone marrow, and always the gall bladder

Front 21

what toxin is the cause of some of the symptoms of typhoid fever

Back 21

lipid A component of LPS

Front 22

what kind of cultures help with the diagnosis of salmonella caused typhoid fever

Back 22

stool is positive really early.

blood cultures are positive after 7 to 14 days

Front 23

Test rise in antibody to what antigen is diagnos of typhoid fever

Back 23

Vi antigen - only found in S. typhi

Front 24

Febrile agglutinins

Back 24

elevated or rinsing O and H agglutinins (antibodies O and H antigen) between 1 and 3 weeks - salmonella

Front 25

first line of therapy for salmonella

Back 25

fluoroquinolones and third generations cephalosporins

you need something that will target intracellular pathogen

Front 26

does s. typhi infect animals

Back 26

no

Front 27

vaccination for salmonella?

Back 27

yes

Front 28

populations that are at especially at risk for salmonella

Back 28

1. deficiency gastric acid
2. those w/ defects in cell-mediated immunity are susceptible

Front 29

the three vaccines (not meant for people under age 6)

Back 29

oral live, attenuated, Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine

Front 30

salmonella choleraesuis causes

Back 30

high fever, bacteremia w/o Gi involment

Front 31

salmonella which causes suppurative lesions during bacteremia -

Back 31

s. choleraesuis

Front 32

most common forms of salmonella infections

Back 32

enterocolitis caused by salmonella gastroenteritis

Front 33

are blood cultures usually positive when pt is infected with salmonella caused gastroenteritis

Back 33

only 5-10%

Front 34

salmonella type that causes septicemia

Back 34

S. choleraesuis

Front 35

serotype of salmonella most frequently involved in egg contamination

Back 35

salmonella enteritidis

Front 36

onset of enteric fever, septicemia and gastroenteritis caused by salmonella

Back 36

enteric fevers: insidious
septicemia: abrupt
gastroenteritis: abrupt

Front 37

duration of disease of enteric fever, septicemia, gastroenteritis

Back 37

enteric fever: several weeks
septicemia: variable
gastroenteritis: 2-5 days

Front 38

gastrointestinal symptoms w/ enteric fevers, septicemia, and gastroenteritis caused by salmonella

Back 38

enteric fever: ealry constipation, later, bloody diarrhea
septicemia: often none
gastroenteritis: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea on onset

Front 39

Blood cultures positive in salmonella in enteric fevers, septicemia, gastroenteritis

Back 39

enteric fever: + in 1,2 week of disease
septicemia: + during high fever
gastroenteritis: positive soon afer onset

Front 40

typical organism causing enteric fever, septicemia, and gastroenteritis

Back 40

enteric fever: s.typhi
septicemia: s. chloreraesuis
Gastroenteritis: s. enteritidis

Front 41

does shigella ferment lactose

Back 41

no

Front 42

lactose fermenter - shigella

Back 42

no - neither does salmonella

Front 43

salmonella vs. shigella
production of H2s?

Back 43

only salmonella - not shigella

Front 44

motilit - salmonella vs. shigella

Back 44

salmonella may be -
shigella is not

Front 45

what is the only antigen that shigella has

Back 45

O antigen

Front 46

indole and urease - shigella?

Back 46

negative

Front 47

does shigella have an animal reservoir?

Back 47

no

Front 48

where does shigella invade cells

Back 48

terminal ileum and colon - does NOT penetrate submucosa

Front 49

shigella causes what disease

Back 49

dysentery

Front 50

what do the two subunits do in the shiga toxin

Back 50

B: binds intestinal cells
A: released in cells, inhibits protein synthesis by bind 60S - causes cell death and bloody diarrhear

Front 51

bloody diarrhea is also called

Back 51

dysentary

Front 52

most common shigella in the U.S

Back 52

s.sonnei

Front 53

extracellular or intracellular - shigella

Back 53

facultative intracellular

Front 54

culture to test for shigella comes from

Back 54

stool

Front 55

treatment of shigella infeciton

Back 55

fluid, antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim (sulfonamide)

Front 56

vaccine for shigella

Back 56

yest - but not really effectie

Front 57

how is shigella taken up into cells

Back 57

by macrophages in phagocytic vacuole induced by shigella

Front 58

all enterbacteriaceae (enterics)
1. anaerobes?
2. glucose?
3. oxidase?

Back 58

1. faculatative anaerobes
2. ferments glucose
3. oxidase negative

Front 59

P. aeruginosa
1. anaerobe?
2. oxidase?

Back 59

1. obligate aerobe

3. oxidase positive

Front 60

what is the by product of salmonella nd shigella when they ferment glucose?

Back 60

salmonella to gas
shigella to acid

Front 61

three gram - opportunistic pathogens that infect burns and wounds

Back 61

1. enterbacter cloacae
2. p. aeruginosa
3. klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 62

four gram negative opportunistic pathogens that infect the respiratory tract

Back 62

1. enterbacter cloacae
2. p. aeruginosa
3. leg. pneumonia
4. serratia

Front 63

6 gram negative opportunistic pathogens which infect the Urinary tract

Back 63

1. e.coli
2. enterbacter cloacae
3. p. aeruginosa
4. klebsiella pneumoniae
5. serratia
6. proteus vulgaris