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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a high alert drug? when should a med rec be done? |
a drug that has a higher risk of causing significant patient harm when used in error at every transition of care |
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what disease would require airborne precautions? when is it better to wash hands over using a sanitizer? |
rubella, measles, vaicella, m tuberculosis when dealing with spore forming organisms like CDif |
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what are some hazardous drugs that require special handling? |
chemo drugs, 5 alpha reductase inhbitors, transplant drugs (mycophenalate, cyclosporine, limus drugs), droedarone, fluconazole, rasagiline, paroxetine, spirnolactone |
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what is the difference between an ADR and a medication error? what are the two type of ADRs? |
a med error is a preventable event that can cause harm to a patient, an ADR is an unintended pharmacological effect when administered correctly type A predictable, type B unpredictable |
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how long until you see a type 1 allergic reaction? what are examples? how long for type 2 reactions? examples? |
immediate, involves IgE...urticaria, hives, angiodema minutes to hours, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia |
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how long for a type 3 reaction? examples? how long for type 4? examples? what scale can be used to determine the likelihood that a drug caused an adverse reaction? |
immune complex reactions, 3-10 hours, lupus serum sickness days to weeks, PPD test Naranjo scale |
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what drugs cause thrombotic thromboxytopenic purpura? what drugs cause photosensitivity? |
clopidegrel, ticlopidine tetracyclines, bactrim, flouroquinolones, diuretics, tacrolimus, voriconazole, carbamazepine |
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what drugs are associated with SJS, TENs? what drug is contraindicated in the treatment of TEN? your allergic to penicllin, should you ever use a cephalsporin? |
allopurinol, lamotrogine, phenytoin, penicilins, piroxicam, bactrim steroids technically you shouldnt, unless there are no other options |
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if you are allergic to sulfamethoxazole, are you also allergic to sulfonamides? what drugs should you avoid if you have a peanut allergy? (same with egg allergy) |
barely cross reactivity, but for the test yes you should avoid it (loop and thiazide diuretics, sulfonylureas, acetazolomide, zonisamide, celoxib) clevidipine, propofol, progesterone |
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what flu vaccine can be given if a patient is allergic to eggs? what does a penicillin skin test tell you? |
flubok patients at risk for a type 1 reaction from penicillin, only Ige reactions |
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does absorption occur if a drug is given IV? 2 ways drugs are absorbed? what is bioavailability? |
no active transport and passive diffusion extent of drug absorbed extravascularly relativeto intravascurlarly |
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what does AUC represent? how is bioavailability calculated? |
total exposure from a drug auc ex/ auc in (dose in/dose ex) x 100 |
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what are phase 1 metabolism reactions? phase 2? |
oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis conjugation, gluccouronidation |
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what is the equation for calculating clearnace for an IV? po? |
cl= dose/auc cl= (bioavail x dose)/auc |
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what is unique about excretion of 0 order kinetics? first order? |
the same amount is eliminated every hour but the percentage of drug removed changes the same percentage of drug is eliminated but the amount of drug removed changes |
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formula for Vd? formula for Ke? half life? |
dose/concentration in plasma ke = cl/vd t1/2= .693/ke |
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how many half lives until steady state? formula for calculating a loading dose? |
if 1st order, around 5 half lives load= (desired concentration x vd)/F |
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