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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the CNS made up of? |
The brain and spinal cord. |
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Two sub-divisions of the PNS |
The autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system. |
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Two branches of the Autonomic nervous system |
The parasympathetic nervous system and the sympathetic nervous system. |
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Role of the CNS |
To receive information from the PNS and send information to the PNS. |
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Two main functions of the PNS |
To send information to the organs, glands and muscles from the CNS and to send information to the CNS from the organs, glands and muscles. |
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Function of the somatic nervous system |
Responsible for the voluntary movement of muscles. |
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Function of the autonomic nervous system |
Responsible for sending information between the CNS and the body's non-skeletal muscles. |
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Function of the sympathetic nervous system |
Activates when the organism is in danger or in times of stress. It prepares the body for actions such as running away, fighting the threat or remaining, also known as the fight-or-flight response. |
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Function of the parasympathetic nervous system |
Maintains automatic day-to-day bodily functions such as digestion, normal heart rate, and normal breathing (known as homeostasis) |
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Role of a neuron |
To receive, process and transmit information. |
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What happens in fight-or-flight? |
Heart rate is increased and blood is sent to the parts of the body needed to respond. |
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How is a message transmitted between neurons? |
When a message reaches terminal buttons, it is turned to a neurotransmitter that crosses the synapse (gap between two neurons) and takes it over to the next neuron. |
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Conduction |
The speed in which messages move through the nervous system. |
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Action potential |
The information that is being sent through a neuron. |
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Effects of serotonin |
Regulates processes such as mood, eating and sleep. An increase can reduce anxiety. |
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Effects of dopamine |
Facilitates processes such as movement and learning. Too little can cause Parkinson's disease. |
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Motor neurons |
Send signals from the brain to the muscles to allow them to move. |
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Sensory neurons |
Send sensory information from the surrounding environment to the brain. |
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Interneurons |
Send information between sensory and motor neurons. |
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Glial cells |
Holds neurons in place, supplies oxygen and nourishment, insulates neurons and removes dead neurons. |
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Myelin sheath |
Coats and insulates axons, protecting them from electrical interference from other neurons. |
