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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 4 phages of the female sex act?
-Nervous system involved in each? |
1.) excitement: PNS
2.) plateau: PNS 3.) Orgasm: Both 4.) Resolution: SNS |
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During this phase, erectile tissue becomes engored in blood and uterus stands more vertically; inner end of vagina dilates.
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Excitement phase
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During this phase, vagina maintains the lubricated state.
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Plateau phase
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During this phase, uterus and cervix contract rhythmically and uterus changes position to a more open form; cervix becomes patent.
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Orgasm phase
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Short duration, cervix remains patent for around 20 min after this phase.
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Resolution phase
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How do the uterine tube and the sperm work together?
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Motility of the sperm is aided by female secreted oxytocin while the motility of the tube is aided by male-secreted prostaglandins in seminal fluid
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Capacitation is under hormonal control of what inhibitory product of the prostate gland?
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Fertilization-promoting peptide (FPP)
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Process which takes place inside the female reproductive tract in which seminal fluid is "washed" off and mature spermatozoa can undergo acrosomal reaction. This describes what process?
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Capacitation
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Describe the process of capacitation; how does it occur?
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Ca influx and removal of inhibitory factors cause a loss of cholesterol thereby exposing the acrosomal membrane. The acrosomal membrane can then merge with sperm head in an acrosomal reaction.
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When acrosome meets zona pelucida, there is an influx of calcium which causes the release of what hydrolytic enzyme?
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Hyaluronidase
Hyaluronic acid is the major component of the zona pellucida and this enzyme helps sperm penetrate. |
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Describe polyspermy block?
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When sperm penetrates the zona pelucida, there is a calcium influx into the oocyte which causes cortical granules of the oocyte to fuse with the membrane. The concents of the cortical granules inactivate sperm receptors on the zona pellucida and also hardens the zona pellucida.
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What day does the blastocyst inplant into the uterus?
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Day 21
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This hormones plays a key role in decidualization of the endometrium as well as storing lipids and glycogen in the uterine lining.
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Progesterone
WIthout progesterone, implantation of the blastocyst would fail |
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an implanted oocyte will produce what hormone?
What hormone does THIS hormone mimic and how long is it produced? |
hCG
mimics LH hCG is produced by the oocyte until the placenta can take over production of a replacement hormone. |
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This organ serves as the fetal gut, the fetal lung and the fetal kidney.
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The placenta
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Compare and contrast maternal PaO2 vs. Fetal PaO2.
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Maternal PaO2 is around 50 and fetal PaO2 is around 30.
The fetus is a low oxygen organism but HbF has a much higher affinity for oxygen than HbA |
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Which has higher CO2 levels; mom or fetus?
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Fetus is SLIGHTLY higher (2-3 mmHg). Reason being so fetus can have simple diffusion to mom to get rid of it.
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Which of the following can be transported by simple diffusion:
Lipids, FA, Ions, urea, uric acid, creatine, glucose? (may be more than one) |
All do simple diffusion except glucose (facilitated diffusion)
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Describe progesterone production in corpus luteum compared to placenta.
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Corpus luteum cranks out progesterone for the first 8 weeks and the placenta will begin synthesizing it and eventually take over around week 8-10.
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What makes the hCG?
-Describe the mechanism of hCG. |
hCG is produced by syncytiotrophoblast of the embryo.
hCG-->binds LH receptors-->increases CYP11A1-->increases progesterone in granulosa and corpus luteum This will allow the endometrium to be maintained. |
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This hormone is critical in supporting the endometrium, suppression of contractility in uterine smooth muscle and enabling glandular activity of secretory lobules of the breast for milk production.
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Progesterone
"hormone of pregnancy" |
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This PLACENTAL hormone stimulates the gorwth of the uterus, breasts, mammary ducts, external genitalia.
ALSO relaxes pelvic ligaments |
ESTROGEN
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What placental hormone is responsible for pelvic ligament relaxation?
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Estrogen
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What placental hormone is responsible for mammary duct development?
-Hormone responsible for mammary glandular function? |
Estrogen
Progesterone |
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What placental hormones is responsible for reduction uterus contractions?
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Progesterone.
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