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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Health
a state of complete physical; mental; and social well-being; not merely the absence of a disease or infirmity.
Disease
a deleterious (harmful) change in the body’s condition in response to an environmental factor that could be nutritional; chemical; biological; or psychological.
Pathogens
disease causing organisms/agents; these include bacteria and viruses
Emergent Diseases
a type of disease never known before or one that has been absent for at least 20 years.
Antibiotic
a microbial product or its derivative that kills susceptible microorganisms or inhibits their growth.
Pesticide
an agent used to destroy pests
Hazardous Chemicals
dangerous chemicals; usually including flammables; explosives; irritants; sensitizers; acids; and caustics).
Toxic Chemicals (Toxins)
poisonous chemicals
Neurotoxins
attack nerve cells; by attacking the nervous system its disruption of body activities is fast-acting and can be devastating.
Mutagens
agents; such as chemicals and radiation; that damage or alter genetic material (DNA) in cells; early in development this can cause birth defects; while later in life this may trigger growth of tumors
Teratogens
chemicals or other factors that specifically cause abnormalities during embryonic growth/development; most prevalent teratogen is alcohol
Cancer
invasive; out-of-control cell growth that results in malignant tumors.
Carcinogens
substances that cause cancer
Bioaccumulation
the selective absorption and storage of a great variety of molecules; can be detrimental to organisms if toxins are readily absorbed.
Biomagnification
effects of toxins magnified through food webs; occurs when the toxic burden of a large number of organisms at a lower trophic level is accumulated and concentrated by a predator in a higher tropic level.
LC50/LD50
(lethal concentration or lethal dose) describes the toxicity of a chemical to which 50% of the test population is killed.
Acute toxic effects
caused by a single exposure to a toxin; which results in an immediate health crisis.
Chronic toxic effects
long lasting exposure to a toxin.