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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Monarchists/Octobrists
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undergound group that wanted to protect the Tsar
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Cadets
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-great party of political reform
- formed Provisional Government -favored Tsar and imperialism -became more conservative |
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Group of Public Men
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-formed in Moscow
-given portfolio in Kerensky cabinet |
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Populists, Socialists, or Trudoviki
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Numerically a small party, composed of cautious intellectuals, the leaders of the Cooperative societies, and conservative peasants. Professing to be Socialists, the Populists really supported the interests of the petty bourgeoisie—clerks, shopkeepers, etc
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Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
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-Mensheviki
-split from Bolveshiki |
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Mensheviki
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-This party includes all shades of Socialists who believe that society must progress by natural evolution toward Socialism, and that the working-class must conquer political power first
-nationalist party |
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Mensheviki Internationalists
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-The radical wing of the Mensheviki, internationalists and opposed to all coalition with the propertied classes; yet unwilling to break loose from the conservative Mensheviki
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Bolveshiki
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-complete socialism
-immediate proleterian revolution -factory workers - Lenin, Trotsky, Zinoviev |
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United Social Democrats Internationalists
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-A little group of intellectuals with a very small following among the working-class, except the personal following of Maxim Gorky, its leader
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Yedinstvo
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A very small and dwindling group, composed almost entirely of the personal following of Plekhanov, one of the pioneers of the Russian Social Democratic movement in the 80’s, and its greatest theoretician
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Socialist Revolutionary party
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-Originally the revolutionary party of the peasants, the party of the Fighting Organisations—the Terrorists
-stood for the abolition of private property in land only -adopted the political attitude of the Mensheviki, and worked together with them |
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Left Socialist Revolutionaries
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standing for confiscation without compensation of the great landed estates, and their disposition by the peasants themselves
-Bolveshiki |
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Maximalists.
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-An off-shoot of the Socialist Revolutionary party in the Revolution of 1905, when it was a powerful peasant movement,
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Soviets
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-means council
-type of parliament elected by members of working-class economic organisations |
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Trade Unions
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-Russian labour unions
-had from three to four million members -Central Executive Committee in the capital |
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Factory-Shop Committees.
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spontaneous organisations created in the factories by the workers in their attempt to control industry, taking advantage of the administrative break-down incident upon the Revolution. Their function was by revolutionary action to take over and run the factories
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Dumas
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-municipal self government
-elected by direct and secret ballot |
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Zemstvos
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-county councils
-Tsar semi-political, semi-social bodies with very little administrative power -most important function was education and social service among the peasants. |
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Cooperatives
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-a substitute for the complete transference of means of production and distribution into the hands of the workers.
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Army Committees
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-formed by the soldiers at the front to combat the reactionary influence of the old regime officers
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Tsay-ee-kah
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-All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies. So called from the initials of its name
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Tsentroflot.
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Centre-Fleet”—the Central Fleet Committee
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Vikzhel.
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All-Russian Central Committee of the Railway Workers’ Union. So called from the initials of its name.
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Red Guards
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The armed factory workers of Russia
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White Guards
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Bourgeois volunteers, who emerged in the last stages of the Revolution, to defend private property from the Bolshevik attempt to abolish it
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Tekhintsi.
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The so-called “Savage Division” in the army, made up of Mohametan tribesmen from Central Asia, and personally devoted to General Kornilov
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Death Battalions
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formed in the summer of 1917 by Kerensky, for the purpose of strengthening the discipline and combative fire of the army by heroic example
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Union of Officers
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An organisation formed among the reactionary officers in the army to combat politically the growing power of the Army Committees
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Knights of St. George
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The Cross of St. George was awarded for distinguished action in battle. Its holder automatically became a “Knight of St. George.” The predominant influence in the organisation was that of the supporters of the military idea.
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Peasants’ Union
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a revolutionary peasants’ organisation
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Name 3 signs of trouble in September 1917
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- Army Committees were always running foul of officers who could not get used to treating their men like human beings
-Land Committees elected by the peasants were being jailed for trying to carry out Government regulations concerning the land; and the workmen -factories were fighting black-lists and lockouts |
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What were some things peasants and workers did to cause trouble?
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-peasants burned manor-houses and took over the gr workers sabotaged and struckeat estates
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Which party was at the head of the revolution?
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-the Bolsheveki
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A section of which class favored the Germans to the revolution?
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-the propertied
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What was the slogan of the Bolshevik party?
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All power to the soviets
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How did World War I contribute to the collapse of the Russian monarchy?
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-strained Russian resources
- transportation system broke down - soldiers were poorly equipped and led -Nicholas II left for battlefield, left Alexandra in charge |
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How and when did the Bolsheviks take power?
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- In November 1917 red guards and the Russian fleet attacked the provisional government. Bolsheviks stormed Winter palace
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What was the final outcome of the Russian Revolution?
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The communists had taken power
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What does NEP stand for?
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New Economic Policy
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What made the NEP different from pure communism?
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small businesses were allowed to open for private profits
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Describe Stalin's policies for industrialization and agriculture
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-wanted to build heavy industry
-improve transportation -increase farming outputs |
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What was the great purge?
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-a series of show trials between 1936 and 1938
- former Communist leaders confessed to crimes after being tortured - convicted were sent to forced labor camps and executed |
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How did Stalin make use of propaganda?
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Stalin used art work to protray him as a hero and communisim as a strong people's power
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What was the soviet's government's policy towards religion?
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promoted religion
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According to Stalin, what purpose should art state?
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art should serve the state
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