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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is PIE
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Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema
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What is the Definition of IVH
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Intraventicular hemorrhage (IVH) is bleeding inside, or around the ventricles, the spaces in the brain containing the cerebral spinal fluid.
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Intraventicular hemorrhage (IVH) - Most common in premature babies?
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1. Specially in very low birth weight less than 1.5 Kg
2. Infants 24 – 32 weeks gestation are at greater risk |
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Pathophysiology of Intraventicular hemorrhage (IVH)
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1. Bleeding can rupture because blood vessels in a premature baby’s brain are very fragile and immature and can easily rupture.
2. Babies with RDS or other complications of prematurity are more likely to have IVH. 3. The smaller and more premature the baby, the more likely IVH will occur. 4. Nearly all IVH occurs within the 1st 3 days of life |
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What are the (4) grades of IVH
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Grade 1 – bleeding occurs just in a small area of ventricles
Grade 2 – bleeding also occurs inside the ventricles Grade 3 – ventricles are enlarged by the blood Grade 4 – bleeding also occurs in the brain tissues around the ventricles (irreversible) |
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What are the (2) most common Grades in IVH
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Grades 1 and 2
Occurs in about 75% of babies with IVH |
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What are the (2)most serious Grades in IVH
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Grades 3 and 4 are the most serious
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What complications can occur with severe Grades in IVH
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May lead to hydrocephalus in severe cases
Usually results in long-term brain injury to baby |
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How is IVH Diagnosed
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1. A cranial ultrasound is used
2. Cranial ultrasound ca be view the inside of the baby’s brain through the fontanelles. 3. With ultrasound, the amount of bleeding can be graded |
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How is IVH Treated
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1. There is no specific treatment for IVH
Prevention is best treatment |
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In the treatment of IVH, What can be given to the mother
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1. corticosteroids before delivery has been shown to lower the risk of IVH in baby
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When giving steroids, what are the (4) avoidant wide swings
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1. B/P
2. Oxygenation 3. pH 4. Low dose Indomethacin However may cause ductus arteriousus |
