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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physiological changes occur in pregnancy due to (2)
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1. increase in size of fetus
2. endocrine changes |
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what happens to
1. CO and how? (CO= SV * HR) 2. Blood Volume and how? 3. BP and how? |
CO will increase due to increase in HR, contractility and SV to about 40%
the Blood volume will increase due to estrogen-RAAS secretion due to the low BP |
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why do BP change AND how does it affect the kidneys
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due to the arteriovenous shunt, the efffective blood volume perfusion is low to major areas causing the RAAS to work
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pathophysio of edema and venous damage in pregnancy
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the uterus exerts pressure on leg veins damaging them and increasing their pressure
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hematological changes:
BV erythropoeisis RBC clotting factors |
BV increase by 45%
erythropoesis rise RBC production rise clotting factors rise |
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what hormones stimulate erythropoeisis
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progesterone hPL and PrL
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physiological anemia in pregnancy
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BV rising faster than RBC production
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clotting factors increase not causing clots everywhere
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equalized by increased lysing factors
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what causes respiratory changes in pregnancy
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growing fetus--> abdominal pressure--> diaphragm up
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"Respiratory changes in pregnancy"
what capacities and volumes change ? |
VC same
ERV, IRV down TV and minute TV up TLC down |
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"Respiratory changes in pregnancy"
Co2 and O2 story |
higher BMR
progesterone decreases CNS set level for CO2 hyperventilation ==> mild compensatory respiratory alkalosis |
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"GI changes in pregnancy"
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progesterone --
decrease motililn --> smooth muscles down 1. decrease gastric emptying rate 2. decrease in intestinal motility more absorbtion and constipation |
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heartburn y?
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decrease gastric emptying rate
and /or increased intraabdominal and intragastric pressure with low tone of espphageal sphincter |
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"renal Changes in Pregnancy"
urinary stasis y? |
due to progesteron effect on Smooth Muscles.
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"renal Changes in Pregnancy"
ADH? |
hCG increases it causing decreased serum osmolality
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"renal Changes in Pregnancy"
RAAS works due to estrogen and due to ? |
effective circulating blood volume down due to placental circulation
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"renal Changes in Pregnancy"
where does renin come from in pregnancy? induced by what |
kidneys and uterus
estrogen and prog |
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"renal Changes in Pregnancy"
GFR |
high
glucosuria and aminoaciduria doesn't indicate hyperglycemia renal blood flow increase |
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gestational diabetes due to:
(2) |
estrogen and prog-- insulin sens
hPL shift metabolism to catabolic starvation and use of fat==> peripheral response to insulin to go |
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other changes:
sexual orrgans breast wieght immune? |
grow
grow and glandulize grow depressed by progestrone |
