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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unilateral, severe periorbital headache w/ tearing & conjunctival erythema.
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Cluster headache
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Prophylactic treatment for migraine.
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β-blockers
Ca2+ channel blockers TCAs |
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The most common pituitary tumor. Treatment?
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Prolactinoma.
Treat w/ dopamine agonists (e.g. bromocriptine) |
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A 55 y/o patient presents w/ actue "broken speech." What type of aphasia? What lobe & vascular distribution?
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Broca's aphasia
Frontal lobe, left MCA distribution |
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The most common cause of SAH.
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Trauma
(the 2nd most common is berry aneurysm) |
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A crescent-shaped hyperdensity on CT that does not cross the midline.
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Subdural hematoma
(bridging veins torn) |
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A history significant for altered mental status w/ an intervening lucid interval. Diagnosis? Most likely etiology? Treatment?
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Epidural hematoma
(middle meningeal artery) Treatment: neurosurgical evacuation |
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CSF findings w/ SAH.
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elevated ICP, RBCs, xanthochomia
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Albuminocytologic dissociation.
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Guillain-Barre
(⇧protein in CSF w/ only modest ⇧ in cell count) |
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Cold water is flushed into a patient's ear, & the fast phase of nystagmus is toward the opposite side. Normal or pathologic?
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Normal
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The most common 1° sources of metastases to the brain.
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lung
breast skin (melanoma) kidney GI tract |
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May be seen in children who are accused of inattention in class or confused w/ ADHD.
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Absence seizures
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The most frequent presentation of intracranial neoplasm.
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Headache
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The most common cause of seizures in children (2-10 yrs).
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infection
febrile seizures trauma idiopathic |
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The most common cause of seizures in young adults (18-35 yrs).
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trauma
alcohol withdrawal brain tumor |
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1st-line medication for status epilepticus.
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IV benzodiazepine
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Confusion, confabulation, opthalmoplegia, ataxia.
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Wernicke's encephalopathy due to a deficiency in thiamine
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What % lesion is an indication for carotid endarterectomy?
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70% if the stenosis is symptomatic
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The most common cause of dementia.
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Alzheimer's & multi-infarct
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Combined UMN & LMN disorder.
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ALS
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Rigidity & stiffness w/ resting tremor & masked facies.
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Parkinson's disease
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The mainstay of Parkinson's therapy.
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Levodopa/carbidopa
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Treatment for Guillain-Barre syndrome.
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IVIG or plasmapheresis
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Rigity & stiffness that progress to choreiform movements, accompanied by moodiness & altered behavior.
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Huntington's disease
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A 6 y/o girl presents w/ a port-wine stain in the V2 distribution as well as w/ mental retardation, seizures, & leptomeningeal angioma.
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Sturge-Weber syndrome.
Treat symptomatically. Possible focal cerebral resection of affected lobe |
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Cafe-au-lait spots on skin.
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Neurofibromatosis 1
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Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, & hyperdocility
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
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Administer to a symptomatic patient to diagnose myasthenia gravis.
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Edrophonium
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