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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Four causes of microcytic anemia.
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"TICS"
Thalassemia Iron deficiency anemia of Chronic disease Sideroblastic anemia |
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An elderly man w/ hypochromic, microcytic anemia is asymptomatic. Diagnostic tests?
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Fecal occult blood test & sigmoidoscopy; suspect colorecal cancer
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Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in patients w/ G6PD deficiency.
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Sulfonamides
Antimalarial drugs Fava beans |
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The most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability.
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Factor V Leiden mutation
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The most common inherited hemolytic anemia.
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Hereditary spherocytosis
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Diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis.
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Osmostic fragility test
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Pure RBC aplasia.
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Diamond-Blackfan anemia
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Anemia associated w/ absent radii & thumbs, diffuse hyperpigmentation, cafe-au-lait spots, microcepthaly, & pancytopenia.
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Fanconi's anemia
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Medications & viruses that ⇒ aplastic anemia.
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Chloramphenicol
Chemotherapeutic agents Sulfonamides Radiation HIV Hepatitis Parvovirus B19 EBV |
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How do distinguish polycythemia vera from 2° polycythemia.
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Both have ⇧hematocrit & RBC mass, but
POLYCYTHEMIA VERA should have NORMAL O2 saturation & LOW erythropoietin levels |
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Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) pentad?
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"FAT RN"
1. Fever 2. Anemia 3. Thrombocytopnia 4. Renal dysfunction 5. Neurologic abnormalities |
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HUS triad?
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1. Anemia
2. Thrombocytopenia 3. Acute renal failure |
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Treatment for TTP?
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Emergent large-volume plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, antiplatelet drugs
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Treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) in children?
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Usually resolves spontaneously; may require IVIG &/or corticosteroids
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Which of the following are increased in DIC: fibrin split products, D-dimer, fibrinogen, platelets, & hematocrit?
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Fribrin split products & D-dimer are elevated;
Platelets, fibrinogen, & hematocrit are decreased |
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An 8 y/o boy presents w/ hemarthrosis & ⇧PTT w/ normal PT & bleeding time. Diagnosis? Treatment?
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Hemophila A or B;
consider desmopressin (for Hemophila A) or Factor VIII or IX supplements |
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A 14 y/o girl presents w/ prolonged bleeding after dental surgery & w/ menses, normal PT, normal or ⇧PTT, & ⇧bleeding time.
Diagnosis? Treatment? |
von Willebrand's disease; treat w/ desmopressin, FFP, or cryoprecipitate
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A 60 y/o African-American male presents w/ bone pain. Workup for multiple myeloma might reveal?
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Monoclonal gammopathy,
Bence Jones proteinuria, "punched-out" lesions on x-ray of the skull & long bones |
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Reed-Sternberg cells
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Hodgkin's lymphoma
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A 10 y/o boy presents w/ fever, weight loss, & night sweats. Examination shows anterior mediastinal mass.
Suspected diagnosis? |
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
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Microcytic anemia w/ ⇩serum iron, ⇩total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), & normal or ⇧ferritin.
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Anemia of chronic disease
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Microcytic anemia w/ ⇩serum iron, ⇩ferritin, & ⇧TIBC.
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Iron deficiency anemia
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An 80 y/o man presents w/ fatigue, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, & isolated lymphocytosis.
Suspected diagnosis? |
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
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A late, life-threatening complication of chronic myelogeous leukemia (CML).
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Blast crisis (fever, bone pain, splenomegaly, pancytopenia)
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Auer rods on blood smear.
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Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
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AML subtype associated w/ DIC.
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M3
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Electrolyte changes in tumor lysis syndrome.
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⇩Ca2-
⇧K- ⇧phosphate ⇧uric acid |
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Treatment for AML M3.
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Retinoic acid
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A 50 y/o male presents w/ early satiety, splenomegaly, & bleeding. Cytogenetics show t(9,22). Diagnsis?
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CML
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Heinz bodies?
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Intracellular inclusions seen in thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, & postsplenectomy
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An autosomal-recessive disorder w/ defect in the GPIIbIIa platelet receptor & ⇩platelet aggregation.
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
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Virus assocaited w/ anemia in patients w/ sickle cell anemia.
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Parvovirus B19
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A 25 y/o African-American male w/ sickle cell anemia has sudden onset of bone pain. Management of pain crisis?
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O2, analgesia, hydration, and, if severe, transfusion
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A significant cause of morbidity in thalassemia patients. Treatment?
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Iron overload;
use deferoxamine |
