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32 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Patient presents with sudden onset of severe, diffuse abdominal pain. Exam reveals peritoneal signs & AXR reveals free air under the diaphragm. Management?
Emergency laparotomy to repair perforated viscus, likely stomach
The most likely cause of acute lower GI bleed in patients > 40 y/o.
Diverticulosis
Diagnostic modality used when ultrasound is equivical for cholecystitis.
HIDA scan
Sentinal loop on AXR.
Acute pancreatitis
Risk factors for cholelithiasis.
fat, female, forty, fertile, flatulent
Inspiratory arrest during palpation of the RUQ.
Murphy's sign
(seen in acute cholecystitis)
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

MOST COMMON ORGANISM
Campylobacter
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

RECENT ANTIBIOTIC USE
Clostridium difficile
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

CAMPING
Giardia
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

TRAVELER'S DIARRHEA
ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. coli)
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

CHURCH PICNICS/MAYONNAISE
Staph aureus
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

UNDERCOOKED HAMBURGERS
E. coli O 157:H7
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

FRIED RICE
Bacillus cereus
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

POULTRY/EGGS
Salmonella
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

RAW SEAFOOD
Vibrio
HAV
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

AIDS
Isopora
Cryptosporidium
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:

PSEUDOAPPENDICITIS
Yersinia
A 25 y/o Jewish male presents w/ pain & watery diarrhea aftr meals. Exam shows fistulas between the bowel & skin & nodular lesions on his tibias.
Crohn's disease
Inflammatory disease of the colon w/ ⇧risk of colon cancer.
Ulcerative colitis
Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD.
uveitis
ankylosing spondylitis
pyoderma gangrenosum
erythema nodosum
1° sclerosing cholangitis
Medical treatment for IBD.
5-aminosalicylic acid +/- sulfasalazine & steroids during acute exacerbations
Difference between
Mallory-Weiss tears & Boerhaave tears?
MALLORY-WEISS: superficial tear in the esophageal mucosa
BOERHAAVE: full-thickness esophageal rupture
Charcot's triad?
1. RUQ PAIN
2. JAUNDICE
3. FEVER/CHILLS
in the setting of ascending cholangitis
Reynold's pentad?
Charcot's triad (RUQ pain, jaundice, fever/chills) plus
SHOCK & MENTAL STATUS CHANGE, with suppurative ascending cholangitis
Medical treatment for hepatic encephalopathy.
⇩ protein intake, lactulose, neomycin
1st step in management of a patient w/ acute GI bleed.
Establish the ABCs
A 4 y/o presents w/ oliguria, petechiae, & jaundice following an illness w/ bloody diarrhea. Most likely dignosis & cause?
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
due to E. coli O 157:H7
Post-HBV exposure treatment.
HBV immunoglobulin
Classic cause of drug-induced hepatitis.
TB meds (INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide),
acetominophen, &
tetracycline
A 40 y/o obese female w/ elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated bilirubin, pruritis, dark urine, & cay-colored stool.
Biliary tract obstruction
Hernia w/ highest risk of incarceration - indirect, direct, or femoral?
FEMORAL hernia
A 50 y/o man w/ a history of alchohol abuse presents w/ boring epigastric pain that radiates to the back & is relieved by sitting forward. Management?
Confirm the diagnosis of ACUTE PANCREATITIS w/ elevated amylase & lipase. Make patient NPO & give IV fluids, O2, analgesia, & "tincture of time"