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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Patient presents with sudden onset of severe, diffuse abdominal pain. Exam reveals peritoneal signs & AXR reveals free air under the diaphragm. Management?
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Emergency laparotomy to repair perforated viscus, likely stomach
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The most likely cause of acute lower GI bleed in patients > 40 y/o.
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Diverticulosis
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Diagnostic modality used when ultrasound is equivical for cholecystitis.
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HIDA scan
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Sentinal loop on AXR.
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Acute pancreatitis
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Risk factors for cholelithiasis.
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fat, female, forty, fertile, flatulent
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Inspiratory arrest during palpation of the RUQ.
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Murphy's sign
(seen in acute cholecystitis) |
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
MOST COMMON ORGANISM |
Campylobacter
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
RECENT ANTIBIOTIC USE |
Clostridium difficile
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
CAMPING |
Giardia
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
TRAVELER'S DIARRHEA |
ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. coli)
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
CHURCH PICNICS/MAYONNAISE |
Staph aureus
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
UNDERCOOKED HAMBURGERS |
E. coli O 157:H7
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
FRIED RICE |
Bacillus cereus
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
POULTRY/EGGS |
Salmonella
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
RAW SEAFOOD |
Vibrio
HAV |
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
AIDS |
Isopora
Cryptosporidium Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) |
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Key organism(s) causing diarrhea:
PSEUDOAPPENDICITIS |
Yersinia
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A 25 y/o Jewish male presents w/ pain & watery diarrhea aftr meals. Exam shows fistulas between the bowel & skin & nodular lesions on his tibias.
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Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory disease of the colon w/ ⇧risk of colon cancer.
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Ulcerative colitis
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Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD.
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uveitis
ankylosing spondylitis pyoderma gangrenosum erythema nodosum 1° sclerosing cholangitis |
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Medical treatment for IBD.
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5-aminosalicylic acid +/- sulfasalazine & steroids during acute exacerbations
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Difference between
Mallory-Weiss tears & Boerhaave tears? |
MALLORY-WEISS: superficial tear in the esophageal mucosa
BOERHAAVE: full-thickness esophageal rupture |
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Charcot's triad?
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1. RUQ PAIN
2. JAUNDICE 3. FEVER/CHILLS in the setting of ascending cholangitis |
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Reynold's pentad?
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Charcot's triad (RUQ pain, jaundice, fever/chills) plus
SHOCK & MENTAL STATUS CHANGE, with suppurative ascending cholangitis |
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Medical treatment for hepatic encephalopathy.
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⇩ protein intake, lactulose, neomycin
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1st step in management of a patient w/ acute GI bleed.
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Establish the ABCs
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A 4 y/o presents w/ oliguria, petechiae, & jaundice following an illness w/ bloody diarrhea. Most likely dignosis & cause?
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Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
due to E. coli O 157:H7 |
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Post-HBV exposure treatment.
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HBV immunoglobulin
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Classic cause of drug-induced hepatitis.
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TB meds (INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide),
acetominophen, & tetracycline |
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A 40 y/o obese female w/ elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated bilirubin, pruritis, dark urine, & cay-colored stool.
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Biliary tract obstruction
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Hernia w/ highest risk of incarceration - indirect, direct, or femoral?
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FEMORAL hernia
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A 50 y/o man w/ a history of alchohol abuse presents w/ boring epigastric pain that radiates to the back & is relieved by sitting forward. Management?
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Confirm the diagnosis of ACUTE PANCREATITIS w/ elevated amylase & lipase. Make patient NPO & give IV fluids, O2, analgesia, & "tincture of time"
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