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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the numina?
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The numina were the unseen spirits in everything
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What were the 2 types of numina?
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man made and natural
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What were two things that the numina were thought to control?
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Safety of flocks and the harvest etc
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What was the pater familias?
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He was the head of the family (Father normally) whose job it was to organise family worship at the beginning of every day
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What were the 3 types of household spirits and what did they control?
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Lares- (spirits of the familys ancestors)
Penates- (responsible for keeping the family well fed) Manes-(spirits of the dead) |
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What spirits were the spirits that could be beneficial to a household?
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the manes (spirits of the dead)
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Give 5 points about the Laras
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The Laras were the spirits of the familys ancestors.
It was thought that they kept watch over the family They were represented in little statues were kept in the lararium which was a small temple shaped cupboard/shrine An offering was made to them every morning |
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Give some details about the Penates
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Gods of the larder and inc charge of keeping the family well fed. Gods of the "larder"
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Who was Vesta? Give 2 points about her
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she was the goddess of the hearth
she was worshipped in the home but also had a special temple and priestesses to look after her |
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Give 4 points about Janus
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from his name comes January
he is the god of comings and goings, openings and closings therefore god of the doorway Romans asked for his blessing every time they went out the main door |
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Complete the name:
King _____________________ Was he the first, second or third king of ROme? What nationality was he? |
King Numa Pompilius
He was the 2nd king of Rome He was an Etruscan |
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Give 3 things that King _________ did
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He reorganised the calendar into 12 lunar months
He organised state religion He set up the system of lawful and unlawful days |
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Who was the chief priest?
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The pontifex maximus
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What was the chief preist in charge of?
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He was in charge of organising state worship in all temples
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What were the 3 groups below him?
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The:
Pontifices 13 Flamines Augures and Haruspices |
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Give 2 things that the Pontifices did:
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They were the administrators of the temples
In charge of the calendar |
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What did the Flamines do?
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They were attatched to specific temples
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What was unique about the Flamines?
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They had a more spiritual role. eg. organised sacrifices
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What did an Augur do?
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They told the future and saw if a day was favourable or not by reading the flight or entrails of a bird
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What did the Haruspex do?
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Also decided whether a day was favourable or not. They foretold the future by dreams/visions
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Who were the vestal virgins?
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They were a select group of Priestesses who dedicated their lives to the Goddess Vesta (goddess of the hearth)
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How many were chosen at one time and what age were they?
What criteria did they have to fill? |
6 were chosen at any one time.
They had to be between 6-10 years old and they had to be physically perfect and from a good family |
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How many years did they serve and how were these years spent?
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They were VV's for 30 years. 10 years training. 10 years being and 10 years training the new ones
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What did they do?
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The most important job was to keep the sacred flame at the temple of vesta alight
they also gave free corn/bread to the poor they had to attend formal functions |
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What did they do when they retired? Why would one possibly die?
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They remained honoured members of Roman Society
They could be buried alive if they did not remain a virgin |
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From what year, did gods from different religions start to impact on Roman Religion?
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From about 500 BC, god, especially Greek were part of Roman Religion
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The whole Greek pantheon of gods was adopted in......
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250 BC
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Later other gods were adopted, who were these gods?
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Isis and Mithras
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Give 4 points about Mithras
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He was a Persian God
He was a soldier god He became a very popular god to the Roman Soldiers By the 3rd century BC, he was a very important god |
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Give 2 points about Isis
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Isis was the wife of Osiris
Greatest Egyptian goddess |
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Emperor Worship.....
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became very important
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What Emperor started it?
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Augustus
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What Emperor took it the most seriously?
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Caligula
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Christianity
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Romans were very acceptant of other religions as long as they didn't conflict with worship of the Emperor
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Why did Jews and Christians not accept Roman religion?
What did they do though? |
Because they had only one god and refused to worship the Emperor.
They prayed for his safety and good health though |
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Christianity was spreading by the time of.........
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Nero. It was seen as a threat so Jews and Christians were thrown to the Lions in the Colosseum
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The Emperor ___________ made _____________ a __________ religion in _______________
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The Emperor Galerius made Christianity a legal religion in 311 BC
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In ________ the Emperor ___________ became a ___________ and made _________ the ____________ religion
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In 312 Bc,the emperor Constantine became a Christian and made Christianity the state religion
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