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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PATRICIANS
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noble wealthy land-owning ruling class that controlled SENATE and ASSEMBLY OF CENTURIES
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PLEBIANS
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regular working class citizens, including artisans, shopkeepers, small farmers
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MEN IN ROME
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had the right to vote, paid taxes and served in the Army
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MARRIAGE IN ROME
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forbidden between patricians and plebians
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CONSULS
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top government officials
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CONSUL SELECTION & DUTIES
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two chosen every year, and they ran government and headed the army
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PRAETORS
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interpreted the law / judges
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SENATE
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most important law-making body of officials
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ASSEMBLY OF CENTURIES
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another legislative body that elected officials and passed laws
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LEGISLATIVE
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law-making
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COUNCIL OF PLEBES
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legislative group created when Plebians went on strike; classes could also intermarry after it was created
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CINCINNATUS
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best-known early Roman dictator who defeated a powerful army
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TWELVE TABLES
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Rome's first code of law and basis of all future laws; states all free citizens should be treated equally
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LAW OF NATIONS
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created to address issues of conquered people; stated that justice applies to all people,innocent until proven guilty, and have right to defend themselves in court.
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RULE OF LAW
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idea that all laws should apply to everyone equally
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CARTHAGE
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Great trading empire on coast of North Africa and powerful enemy of Rome
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FIRST PUNIC WAR
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20-year war began as dispute between Rome and Carthage over Siclily; Romans built large sea fleet and eventually won
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SECOND PUNIC WAR
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Carthage expanded into Spain; Rome helped Spain rebel
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HANNIBAL
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great Carthaginian general of Second Punic War
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SCIPIO
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Roman general who defeated Carthage in Second Punic War
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BATTLE OF ZAMA
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Scipio defeats Hannibal in Second Punic War
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BATTLE OF CANNAE
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Hannibal defeats Roman army in this battle
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THIRD PUNIC WAR
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Rome destroyed Carthage and took other parts of Africa, and all of Greece and Macedonia
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PENINSULA
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land that is completely surrounded by water on all three sides and connected to the mainland by an isthmus (small piece of land)
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MOUNTAIN RANGES IN ITALY
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Alps and Appennines
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ROMULUS & REMUS
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twin brothers found by wolves, raised by a shepherd, one built a wall around Rome and killed his brother
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TIBER RIVER
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hilly river where Rome was built, allowing water, protection from pirates and invaders
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800 - 900 BC
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approximate date Rome was founded
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AENEAS
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Trojan hero who sailed Mediterrenean, landed at Tiber, united them with Latins for protection and became the "father" of the Romans
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EARLY CULTURAL INFLUENCES on ROME
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Greeks and Etruscans
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ETRUSCANS
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skilled metal-workers north of Rome and model for the Roman army. Rome became wealthy and powerful under their rule
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TARQUINS
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Etruscan ruling family that became cruel and were overthrown by Roman citizens
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ROME'S STRENGTHS
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- large powerful army
- practical, disciplined soldiers - soldiers organized into smaller legions - permanent military settlements - smart planners - unified conquered people with respect |
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LEGION
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6000 soldiers
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ROMAN CONFEDERATION
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full citizenship given to some conquered people, allowing them to vote and serve in government
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