Rock 4

Front 1

o New liberal lifestyle choices based upon personal freedom
o Harmful effects of 60s believed to be reason of demis of the New Left and rise in religious fundamentalism in the 90s and 2000s
o Coming of age of baby boomers, not content with the social status quo
 Questioned middle-class traditional values of parents like being achievement oriented, adhering to social conformity, and acquiring material goods
o Addressed social issues of the day rather than issues just important to teens
 Gave young people more direct and meaningful voice and identity than ever before
 Music called for change, tolerance, freedom, rallied for opposition of the war, and end to racial discrimination
 Mouthpiece of sexual revolution
o National Moratorium Day (involved hundreds of thousands in demonstrations around country
o Kent State University (4 students killed by National Guards)
o “draft dodgers”

Back 1

 Factors leading to the ‘seeds of discontent’ (Vietnam War, political assassinations, Kent State, etc):

Front 2

o Increased use of psychoactive drugs
o Young generation preferred to alcohol
o Increased creativity and enlightenment
o Many artists experimented (Bob Dylan, the Beatles, Jimi Hendrix, the Grateful Dead, etc.)
o LSD legal in U.S. until October 1966
o “acid tests”- live music with Grateful Dead, light shows, LSD spiked Kool Aid, painted school bus

Back 2

 How drugs such as LSD influenced rock and roll:

Front 3

o Established haven for creative intellectuals, bohemians, radical political activists
o Anything goes attitude with mix of psychoactive drugs
o Haight-Ashbury: 1st hippie community established in San Francisco
 Victorian mansions

Back 3

 Why San Francisco became the focal point of the hippie movement; Haight-Ashbury etc:

Front 4

 Cultural associations with the San Francisco scene (Summer of Love (free concerts- spawned standard-bearer of rock journalism-Rolling Stone Magazine), posters (colorful and stylized), light shows (colored liquids that pulsated overhead projectors onto bare walls and dancers), progressive rock radio (eclectic mix of music, long, non-commercial album cuts, DJ conversations, turned FM radio into most popular band for listening to music), etc)

Back 4

yurp

Front 5

wrote book One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, did “acid tests” & Trips Festival

Back 5

Ken Kesey & Merry Pranksters:

Front 6

local chemist/acid activist, known as “Bear”, prime caterer of the Bay area drug culture. (bay area scene)

Back 6

o Owsley Stanley

Front 7

used the Fillmore to stage his shows (bay area)

Back 7

Bill Graham

Front 8

: “Father of Free Form”, invented progressive rock format on FM stations (bay area)

Back 8

DJ Tom Danahue

Front 9

acid tests, Monterey Pop Festival (1st major outdoor rock festival-blueprint for Woodstock, discovered many new artists) , etc

Back 9

 Events associated with Bay area scene

Front 10

o Held dances where there was no booze just hallucinogens
o 1st event called A Tribute to Dr. Strange

Back 10

 Electric ballrooms: Fillmore, Avalon

Front 11

o Wide variety of music styles
o Free form improvisations
o Heavy influences from the blues and folk music
o Some musicians former folk musicians who went electric
o Noncommercial bent
o Downplayed role of leader or star in band

Back 11

 Characteristics of acid rock:

Front 12

Evolved from folk rock to electric psychedelic
1st area acid rock band to have contract with major record deal

Back 12

Jefferson Airplane:

Front 13

more powerful voice

Back 13

Grace Slick

Front 14

got name from Jerry Garcia who described songs as “surrealistic as a pillow, recorded in 13 days

Back 14

Surrealistic as a pillow

Front 15

captures essence of San Francisco psychedelia, inspired by Alice in Wonderland, criticizes the misguided older generation, suggest listener takes drugs

Back 15

significance of “White Rabbit

Front 16

bluegrass banjo player, discharged from army, personality that brought people together, gentle soul

Back 16

o Jerry Garcia

Front 17

aspiring guitarist/lyricist

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Robert Hunter

Front 18

: blues loving, Harley Davidson riding piano/harmonica player

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o Ron “Pigpen” McKernan

Front 19

athletic and dyslexic washtub bass/jug player

Back 19

Bob Weir

Front 20

o Started playing together as Mother McCree’s Uptown Jug Champions

Back 20

Grateful dead

Front 21

o Decided to go electric with influence from Bob Dylan and the Rolling Stones, and LSD
 Added Phil Lesh on bass (never played bass before)-trumpeter and violinist who studied jazz
 Added Bill Kreutzman on drums, hottest drummer in Palo Alto also jazz influenced

Back 21

Grateful Dead

Front 22

: did “acid tests” and added 2nd drummer to band

Back 22

Grateful Dead in 60s

Front 23

o 1st experimental albums: 1st album did bad, interweaved recordings with live music to capture essence of jams
o change of direction with Working Man’s Dead and American Beauty to more focused songs: response to dire financial situation, two of finest albums, songs tightly structured
o Wall of Sound: sound reinforcement system that consisted of 604 speakers and 26,400 watts of power- built by Owsley-largest portable sound system ever built, could be heard for ¼ mile

Back 23

Grateful Dead

Front 24

one of most die hard followings in history

Back 24

 Deadheads

Front 25

black blues singers (Bessie Smith and Big Mama Thornton that was rough edged, gritty, and raw) tough-as-nails nonconformist persona to hide her vulnerabilities, local folk scene at University of Texas

Back 25

Janis Joplin

Front 26

o Revitalized band with ability to move from barely audible whisper to full tilt screaming
o Stole show at Monterey Pop Festival and got contract with Columbia Records
o Cheap Thrills went gold “Piece of my Heart”

Back 26

Janis career with Big Brother and the Holding Company (Monterey Pop, Cheap Thrills

Front 27

o Left BB&HC to pursue solo career, began to drink heavily and use heroin
o Kozmic Blues Band
 Classic soul revue
 Much tighter and more professional

Back 27

Janis post-BB&HC career:

Front 28

Pearl (last album and was her nickname) died due to drugs before Pearl was completed at age 27
• “Buried Alive in the Blues”: missing overdub that Joplin did not live to record
• “Mercedes Benz”: recorded 3 days before death and is full of pain and whimsy at the same time

Back 28

Full Tilt Boogie Band

Front 29

set tone musically and stylistically for Bay Area music scene, cowboy outfits, dropping acid)

Back 29

The Charlatans

Front 30

(slightly different slant led by Mexican guitarist

Back 30

Santana

Front 31

quintessential acid rock jam band): be able to identify them as Bay area bands

Back 31

Quicksilver Messenger Service

Front 32

had to move to farm because of trouble with original upstate New York location, far more people showed up than expected, formed mini-nation counterculture, mostly behaved themselves, more than 30 artists signed, left many with renewed hope in the good-will of the human spirit

Back 32

Woodstock Music and Arts Fair:

Front 33

: heart of LA’s live music scene, stretch of Sunset Blvd. running through West Hollywood, hang out for movie stars, bohemians,and the incurably hip since Prohibition, had clubs, recording studios, record label offices, 24/7 party atmosphere, had own dress code: boots and bellbottoms for girls and tunics for boys

Back 33

 The Sunset Strip scene

Front 34

most important and famous night club on the Strip, had 1st Go-Go girl

Back 34

 the Whisky-A-Go-Go

Front 35

(darker lyrics, etc): more theatrically and commercial orientated, electric guitar, keyboards, drums, bass, darker lyrics, eschewing peace and love ethos of San Francisco bands, wide variety of styles and influences: folk, blues, and hard rock, pop scene

Back 35

 Characteristics of the psychedelic music from this woodstock

Front 36

o No bass player
o Sound owed more to cheesy, yet ominous sound of Vox Contienental combo organ than electric guitar, most identifying feature is Jim Morrison (hypnotic rich baritone voice)
o Mesmorizing, provacotive, menacing, impossible drunk, bisexual, loner and a drifter

Back 36

Characteristics of Doors

Front 37

o Spontaneous Oedipal chant during hypnotic 15 minute song
o Got band fired
o Appeared as last song on 1st album with controversial language carefully edited out
o One of most dynamic debut albums in history

Back 37

o Significance of The Doors and “The End”:

Front 38

 band not to be invited to play at Monterey or Woodstock
 Adopted a Lizard King persona with shaman like on-stage performances
 Blacklisted by many concert promoters after indecent exposure incident
 Had mental breakdown on stage
 Died in bathtub of apartment-rumors say he is alive

Back 38

Details of Jim Morrison’s later years, his legal problems, drug usage and death

Front 39

one of rock’s most controversial/brilliant artists

Back 39

Frank Zappa

Front 40

o Avant-garde composers
o Surrealist artists (Salvador Dali, “sick” comics like Lenny Bruce and Mort Sahl
o Musical comedian Spike Jones
o The Crows
o R&B and jazz, doo-wop, blues
o Brought all influences together into his original/idiosyncratic music
o Classical music (Edgard Varese)

Back 40

Frank Zappa musical influences

Front 41

(satire, humor, etc)
o Musical anarchist (tore down convention and accepted norms in creating some of rock’s most sophisticated and intellectual music
o Lyrical themes often dark but used humor, satire, vulgarity

Back 41

o The characteristics and nature of his lyrics Frank zappa

Front 42

o One of 1st double albums ever released
o Manifesto of individual freedom, nonconformity, hypocrisy of American society
o Ranges from electronic sci-fi to doo-wop parody

Back 42

o Significance and characteristics of Freak Out!

Front 43

o Vocalist Mark Volman and Howard Kaylan from pop group the Turtles who went by those pseudonyms for contractual reasons
 Brought emphasis on theatrics and gross, sophomoric humor

Back 43

Flo and Eddie

Front 44

o Mixed spoken words, taped noise, sound effects into music of 50 piece orchestra
o 16 track recorder
o 1st jazz/rock fusion album= Hot Rats
o Synclavier-state of the art digital synthesizer that allowed him to compose, edit, and orchestrate music himself in his home studio
o Spliced together snippets from different live recordings
o Adding overdubs to create a finished song

Back 44

o Innovative production techniques Flo eddie

Front 45

o His political involvement (PMRC, etc) Flo and Eddie

Back 45

o Active voice against censorship of rock lyrics
 Against Parents Music Resource Center led by Tipper Gore that advocated warning labels on CDs determined to be offensive
 Trade representative for Czech Republic

Front 46

o Formed by Alex Korner and Cyril Davies.
o R&B at the Marquee was first ever full length British blues

Back 46

Blues Incorporated

Front 47

o Inspired by Blues Incorperated
o Released album Bluesbreakers- John Mayall with Eric Clapton which put Clapton on the map and hit the top 10 in Britain

Back 47

John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers:

Front 48

 Joined the Yardbirds because of its R&B focus, but left when the group began to pursue a more pop oriented direction
 John Mayall asked Clapton to Join the Bluebreakers, established himself as Britain’s premiere blues guitarist
 Formed Cream, a hard rock power trio with Jack Bruce (bassist) and Ginger Baker(drummer)
• 1st album Fresh Cream failed to chart, The 2nd Disraeli Gears went to #4
• Bruce/Baker truce began to unravel… Clapton tormented by the pressures of being a guitar idol.
 Released solo album Layla under the pseudonym “Derek and the Dominoes”

Back 48

Eric Clapton Early

Front 49

 Deeply rooted in Blues, also (jazz, hard rock, R&B)
 Bob Dylan, LSD

Back 49

Jimi Hendrix influences

Front 50

 Began playing in Greenwich Village Clubs under the name Jimi James
 Formed the “Jimmy Hendrix Experience” a power trio in London
 “Hey Joe” and “Purple Haze” along with several BBC-TV appearances made Hendrix a national sensation
 Relatively unknown in America until Monterey Pop Festival, which put the album “Are you experienced #5 on the map
 Album “Electic Ladylan” went #1 on the charts

Back 50

Jimi's discovery in Greenwich Village, London years, Monterey, Electric Ladyland

Front 51

 Stunning showcase of Hendrix’s talents as a composer, guitarist, and studio experimentalist

Back 51

o The significance and characteristics of Are You Experienced?

Front 52

 Guitar produced sound effects, along with his use of feedback and noise

Back 52

Jimi's innovations on the electric guitar and the characteristics of his style

Front 53

: The Byrds, Buffalo Springfield, “Crosby, Stills, Nash, & Young”

Back 53

Folk Rock

Front 54

• Pop oriented, combining rock + folk, built around acoustic guitar, generally softer dynamics, emphasis vocal harmonies and lyric story lines

Back 54

Folk Rock

Front 55

The Band, The Eagles, Creedence Clearwater Revival

Back 55

Country Rock

Front 56

• Use of pedal steel guitar and other instruments assoc, w/ country
• 2 beat country rhythm
• Rock rhythm section

Back 56

Country Rock

Front 57

Lynyrd Skynyrd, The Allman Brothers Band

Back 57

Southern Rock

Front 58

• Heavier Instrumentation, often including 2 drummers, 2-3 lead guitars
• Harder edge than country rock, similar to hard rock
• Deep roots in blues
• Image: male swagger, drinking, cheating, fighting

Back 58

Southern Rock

Front 59

: Van Morrison, Joni Mitchell, James Taylor, Carol King

Back 59

Singers/songwriters

Front 60

• Solo artist who record and perform with backup bands
• Personal, confessional, reflective, narcissistic lyrics
• Important outlet for women performers

Back 60

Singers/Songwriters

Front 61

• Fragmentation largely contributed to Beatles break up, there was no longer a clear cut leader.
• Radio and record industries also contributed to the fragmentation, progressive rock radio was deemed to haphazard in the 70’s, which caused radio to to target specific audiences.

Back 61

The ‘changing landscape’ that led to the changing and fragmentation of rock styles in the 70s (turmoil of the 60s, the breakup of the Beatles, influence of record companies and radio, etc)

Front 62

Columbia records
 Their distinctive sound, Rickenbacker 12-string electric guitar
o Sound is a “dylanized Beatles” featured Rickenbacker electric 12-string guitar as most distinctive feature rather than vocals
 Their general career path (folk rock/psychedelic/country rock)
o Moved from folk rock to avant garde psychedelia
 Sweetheart of the Rodeo
o One of the first in the country/rock

Back 62

The Byrds

Front 63

: Columbia
 The story behind “The Sounds of Silence,” The Graduate
o Wilson took sound of Silence and added a rock rhythm section without Simon or Garfunkels knowing… the song went to #1
o Film that featured song Mrs.Robinson which went to #1

Back 63

Simon and Garfunkel

Front 64

 Characteristics of their members and their sound
o Former band members… to form super group,

 Déjà vu;
 Features songs written by all the members, encompasses wide range of musical influences
 “ohio” was written in response to Kent State massacre

Back 64

Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young:

Front 65

Atlantic
 the background to “For What It’s Worth”
o Written by Stills about the Sunset Strip “Riots” of 1966

Back 65

Buffalo Springfield

Front 66

o influences; general career path; Astral Weeks
• influenced by folk, jazz, soul, and blues
• chameleon like career path
• Formed the group Them at 16, released first solo LP: “Blowin Your Mind” which contained top 10 hit “Brown Eyed Girl”
• Signed with Warner Bros. and released album “ Astral Weeks” which was loved by critics, used a jazz rhythm section, recorded in only 2 days

Back 66

Van Morrison

Front 67

 Her vocal and writing characteristics
o Soprano voice and dylanesque technique, tells stories in intriguing manner

Back 67

Joni Mitchell

Front 68

Warner Bros
• personal problems; Sweet Baby James
 began writing songs after being admitted to mental institute, his group split up because of his heroin addiction
 Sweet Baby James, album reaches #3

Back 68

James Taylor

Front 69

 general career path, inc. Brill Bldg days; Tapestry
• Started as a Brill Building song writer, reinvented herself as a performing artist with release of album “Tapestry” – at time the largest selling album in history
• Tapestry was grammy award winning… also she was a fine pianist and had smoky soulful voice

Back 69

Carole King

Front 70

 Their general career path (beginnings, Dylan connection, breakup, etc)
 Began as the Hawks being a back up band.
 Hawks toured with Dylan, and after his motorcycle accident collaborated with him on what was known as the basement tapes…
 first album “Music from Big Pink”
 Released album “The Band” as their breakthrough album, focus on Robertson the bands main song writer, the band dynamics began to change
 Toured for the last time together on thanksgiving day in Winterland Ballroom
 The Last Waltz – a documentary film of their last concert directed by Martin Scorsese, one of rock and rolls bests

Back 70

The Band

Front 71

o Fogarty brothers led the group
o Formed by 4 junior high school kids
o 5 top two hits

Back 71

CCR

Front 72

o characteristics of; career and tragedy, Street Survivors
• named in honor of their gym teacher, who was a douche bag…
• 2nd album “second helping” started to receive a devoted fan base
• Oct 20… 3 days after release of “Street Survivors” their plane crashed killing Van Zant and Steve Gaines
• Street Survivors peaked at #5

Back 72

Lynyrd Skynyrd

Front 73

 Characteristics and influences
 Rock band forging blend of blues, boogie, R&B, country and jazz
 Tragedies
 Duane and Oakley were both killed in motorcycle accidents
 At the Fillmore
 Were being praised as Americas greatest rock and roll group

Back 73

Allman Brothers Band - Duane and Greg Allman