Rnur 138 Chapter 7 Vocabulary

Front 1

The onset of labor before 37 weeks gestation

Back 1

Premature Labor (PTL)

Front 2

Any birth that occurs after 20 weeks and before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy

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Preterm birth (PTB)

Front 3

Infant born after 20 weeks and before 37 completed weeks of gestation

Back 3

Preterm/Premature Infant

Front 4

An infant born between 34-36 weeks gestation

Back 4

Late Premature Infant

Front 5

Neonate born between 32-36 completed weeks gestation

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Moderately Preterm Infant

Front 6

An infant born before 32 completed weeks of gestation

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Very Preterm Infant

Front 7

An infant who weighs < 1,000 grams at birth

Back 7

Extremely low birth weight infant

Front 8

A medication that diminishes or stops uterine activity by altering smooth muscle activity

Back 8

Tocolytic Drugs

Front 9

Widely used 1st step in the treatment of preterm labor.

Back 9

Bed Rest

Front 10

A common strategy to reduce preterm uterine contractions because it increases vascular volume and may help to decrease contractions

Back 10

Intravenous Hydration

Front 11

Commonly used to treat genital urinary infections but prophylactic antiobic treatment is not recommended

Back 11

Antibiotics

Front 12

Medications currently recommended to women at risk for preterm birth

Back 12

Corticosteroid therapy with antenatal steroids

Front 13

A rupture of the chorioamniotic membranes before the onset of labor.

Back 13

Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

Front 14

A rupture of the membranes with a premature gestation (< 37 weeks)

Back 14

Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (pPROM)

Front 15

A rupture of membranes > 24 hours

Back 15

Prolonged rupture of membranes

Front 16

A mechanical defect in the cervix that results in painless cervical dilation and ballooning of the membranes into the vagina followed by expulsion of an immature fetus in the second trimester.

Back 16

Incompetent Cervix

Front 17

Treatment of incompetent cervix; A type of purse string suture placed cervically to reinforce a weak cervix.

Back 17

Cerclage

Front 18

Pertaining to or derived from a single zygote (fertilized ovum), as in twin gestation occuring from a single fertilized ovum; results in identical twins

Back 18

Monozygotic Twins

Front 19

Pertaining to or derived from two separate zygotes (fertilized ova), as in twin gestation occuring from two fertilized ova; resulting in fraternal twins

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Dizygotic Twins

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Due to an imbalance in blood flow through the vasculature of the placenta, leading to overperfusion of one twin and underperfusion of the co-twin

Back 20

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion

Front 21

Vomiting during pregnancy that is so severe it leads to dehydration, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, and starvation ketosis

Back 21

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Front 22

A chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia as a result of limited or no insulin production

Back 22

Diabetes Mellitus

Front 23

A result of autoimmunity of beta cells of the pancreas resulting in absolute insulin deficiency.

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Type 1 Diabetes

Front 24

Characterized by insulin resistance and inadequate insulin production.

Back 24

Type 2 Diabetes

Front 25

A cornerstone of diabetes management for all diabetic women with the goal of providing adequate nutrition and preventing diabetic ketoacidosis and postprandial euglycemia

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Medical Nutritional Therapy

Front 26

Any degree of glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition in pregnancy

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

Front 27

Hypertension before conception or before the 20th week of gestation; may put the woman at high risk for developing pre-eclampsia

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Chronic Hypertension

Front 28

Hypertension accompanied by underlying systemic pathology that can have severe maternal and fetal impact; a multi-systemic disease with hypertension accompanied by proteinuria after the 20th week of gestation

Back 28

Preeclampsia

Front 29

Preeclampsia with the onset of tonic-clonic seizure/convulsions/coma that are not attributable to other causes that place the mother and fetus at risk for death.

Back 29

Eclampsia

Front 30

Occurs with hypertensive women who develop new onset proteinuria; proteinuria before the 20th week of gestation or sudden uncontrolled hypertension.

Back 30

Preeclampsie Superimposed on Chronic Hypertension

Front 31

A relatively benign disorder without underlying physiological changes in the mother; high blood pressure detected for the first time after mid-pregnancy, without proteinuria; diagnosis is made postpartum

Back 31

Gestational Hypertension

Front 32

Acronym used to designate the variant changes in lab values that is sometimes a complication of severe preeclampsia.

Back 32

HELLP - Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets

Front 33

Occurs when the placenta attaches to the lower uterine segment of the uterus, near or over the internal cervical os, instead of in the body or fundus of the uterus.

Back 33

Placenta Previa

Front 34

The placenta completely covers the internal cervical os.

Back 34

Total Placenta Previa

Front 35

The placental partially covers the internal cervical os.

Back 35

Partial Placenta Previa

Front 36

The placenta is at the margin of the internal cervical os.

Back 36

Marginal Placenta Previa

Front 37

The placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment in close proximity to the internal cervical os.

Back 37

Low-Lying Placenta

Front 38

The separation of the placdenta from its site of implanataion before delivery

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Abruptio Placenta

Front 39

An abnormality of implantation defined by degree of invasion into the uterine wall of the trophoblast of the placenta.

Back 39

Placenta Accreta

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Invasion of trophoblast is beyond the normal boundary (80% of cases)

Back 40

Placenta Accrete

Front 41

Trophoblast extends into uterine myometrium (15% of cases)

Back 41

Placenta Increta

Front 42

Trophoblast extends into uterine musculature and can adhere to other pelvic organs (5% of cases)

Back 42

Placenta Percreta

Front 43

The spontaneous or induced termination of a pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation

Back 43

Abortion

Front 44

The medical or surgical termination of pregnancy before viability

Back 44

Induced Abortion

Front 45

Termination of pregnancy before viability at the request of the woman but not for reasons of the impaired health of the maternal health or fetal disease.

Back 45

Elective Abortion

Front 46

Termination of pregnancy for serious maternal medical indications or serious fetal anomilies

Back 46

Therapeutic Abortion (TAB)

Front 47

Abortion occuring without medical or mechanical means; aka miscarriage

Back 47

Spontaneous Abortion

Front 48

A pregnancy that develops as a result of the blastocyst implanting somewhere other than the endometrial lining of the uterus; implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterus.

Back 48

Ectopic Pregnancy

Front 49

A benign proliferate growth of the trophoblast in which the chronic villi develop into edematous, cystic, vascular transparent vesicles that hang in grapelike clusters without a viable fetus.

Back 49

Hydatiform Mole

Front 50

Toxoplasmosis, Other (hep B), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex

Back 50

TORCH

Front 51

A condition during pregnancy that can be categorized as congenital, acquired, rheumatic, or ischemic.

Back 51

Cardiac Disease

Front 52

A condition that is present if the hemoglobin drops below 10 g/dl *OR* the hematocrit falls below 30%

Back 52

Anemia

Front 53

This condition is an irrevocable syndrome characterized by varying levels of airway obstruction, bronchial hyper responsiveness, and bronchial edema.

Back 53

Asthma

Front 54

Presence of gallstones in the gall bladder.

Back 54

Cholelithiasis

Front 55

An infant who weighs less than 2,500 grams at delivery, regardless of gestational age; among this group, 2/3rds are preterm.

Back 55

Low Birth Weight Infant (LBW)

Front 56

An infant who weighs less than 1,500 grams at birth.

Back 56

Very Low Birth Weight Infant

Front 57

Pregnancies with more than one fetus.

Back 57

Multiple Gestation

Front 58

A protein produced by the plasma of the fetus that can be detected via immunoassay. A positive test is greater than 50 ng/mL

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Fetal Fibronectin (fFN)

Front 59

The distance between the internal cervical os and the external cervical os.

Back 59

Endocervical Length

Front 60

The area between the internal cervical os and the external cervical os.

Back 60

Endocervix

Front 61

The shortening and thinning of the Cervix

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Effacement

Front 62

Any degree of glucose intolerance with the onset during pregnancy

Back 62

gestational diabetes