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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what scholar saw religion as a system of non-scientific beliefs especially the belief in spiritual beings such as souls, ghosts, demons and gods
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Sir Edward Burnet Tyler
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Which scholar identified with the term 'animatism' and belief in an impersonal spiritual force as an even simpler and more ancient religious idea than the concept by Tyler?
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Robert Marett
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Which theorist considered religion to be the product of changes in the mode of production(lobor, tools, techniques) and social relationships that determine how those resources are used and owned- religion being thus largely an effect rather than a cause of social change?
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Karl Marx
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Which writer found that all known religious beliefs presuppose classification of all things into two classes-sacred and profane?
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Durkheim
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Which anthropologists echoed Tillich's of 'Ultimate concern'?
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Robert Bellah, Lessa and Vogt
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What is Mana?
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Supernatural force of power
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What are Taboos?
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Religious rules that forbid acts because they bring people in contact with mana
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Which philologist believed that religion developed through linguistic change as metaphors came to be thought of as actual descriptions?
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Max Muller
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What is Ethnocentrism?
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Attitude that one's culture is more important than the others
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What is anthropomorphism?
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Its the use of human-like models to understand non-human phenomena
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What is communitas ?
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feeling of unity achieved by a religious community during performance of sacred rituals
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Who is credited with describing 'communitas' importance in religion?
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Victor Turner
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Who believes that the primary component of religion is the use anthropomorphic ways of interpreting the world?
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Stewart Guthrie
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Who pointed out that rituals symbolically portray the convections of a religious community and that participation in religious ritual is the most important means by which idividuals express their acceptance of the beliefs and values of their religious community?
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Roy Rappaport
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Who assreted that religion was a symbolic expression of parent-child relationship in which childhood perceptions? of the parent are unconsciously used as basis for interpreting nature
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Sigmund Freud
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Which anthropologists defined religion as a projective system embodied in beliefs and rituals that provide an outlet for and resolve tensions which individual acquires as a member of society particularly those acquired due to the child rearing methods?
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Kardiner and Linton
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What is Canon?
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The works that are considered religiously authoritative in a religion that has written text.
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Tylor defined religion as
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belief in spiritual things
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The Navajo gods are called
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The Holy people
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Weber defered in belief from Marx in that religion
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was sometimes an active an active force for social change
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According to Emile Durkheim, the basis ao religious ideas is to filfil the need to
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create symbols that evoke feelings of respect, fear and awe towards important social institutions and customs
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a rule that forbids contact with sacred things is called
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Taboo
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What is Mythology
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the collective body of religion's creation stories
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What does Roy Rappaport contend about the meanings communicated in rituals?
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Rituals have one correct meaning and it defines the core theology of religion
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amony the Great Basin Shoshone, the character called Cayote represented
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lack of impulse control and creativity
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The Akkadian myth of a war between Bel Marduk and Tiamat portrays the creatin of the world as
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a symbolic conflict between the power of chaos and the power of order
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How do legends differ from myths?
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legends are usually set somewhat after the time of myth
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What is a Supreme Being?
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A Supreme Being is a god who has more power than all the others
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What are rituals?
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they are steriotyped sequences of behaviors that are associated with particular emotions
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Piety values differ from moral values in which way?
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moral values are about sexual behavior
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Iroquois belies that unfulfilled wishes could result in illness were
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were the basis of religious obligation to help people fulfil their unconcious needs
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