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121 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In injured or damaged tissue, the appearance of granulation tissue is indicative of ______.
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healing
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The class of an antibody is determined by the type of ____ chains.
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heavy
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3. T-lymphocytes ate the mediators of Type __ reactions.
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4
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4. Obstruction of CSF flow in the ventricular system is called ____.
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communicating hydrocephalus
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5. Raynaud's phenomenon typically involves the ___.
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hands
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6. Oral cold sores and fever blisters are typically caused by _____.
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herpes simplex 1 virus
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7. Major basic protein (MBP) is found in granules of the ____.
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eosinophil
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8. Centrilobular necrosis is a necrosis of hepatocytes immediately around the ____.
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central vein
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9. These facilitate recognition and attachment of microorganisms for phagocytosis.
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opsonins
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10. Which of the following does not contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis.
smoking diabetes mellitus hypertension low levels of LDL |
low levels of LDL
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11. Russel bodies are accumulations of newly synthesized ____.
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immunoglobulins
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12. Impaired lymhatic drainage will result in ___.
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lymphedema
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13. Most carcinomas of the pancreas are in it's head / neck / tail / body?
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head
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14. Aganglionic segments of colon lacking Meissner's submucosal plexuses and myenteric plexuses is seen in ____ disease and the ____ segment is not distended.
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Hirschsprung's
affected |
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15. The first effect of hypoxia is on the cell's ____ by the mitochondria.
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oxidative phosphorylation
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16. _____ deficiency causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and is an important cause of peripheral neuropathy as well.
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Thiamine (B1)
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17. The cutaneous lesions seen in secondary syphilis are called ____.
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condyloma lata
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18. Glycogen storage diseases are a type of ____ disorder/disease.
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genetic
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19. Aphthous ulcers of the oral cavity are caused by ____.
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unknown agents
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20. The principle role of Dendrite and Langerhans cells in the immune system is ____.
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antigen processing
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21. All of the following may be complications of emphysema EXCEPT which of the following?
Cyanosis Anemia Pulmonary hypertension Dyspnea |
anemia
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22. When stimulated by antigen, some B-lymphocytes differentiate into ____.
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plasma cells
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23. Free radical formation through the Fenton reaction involves what mineral?
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iron
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24. Removal of a potion of liver normally results in ____ hyperplasia.
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compensatory
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25. T or F
Chest pain significantly relieved by nitroglycerin is associated with an MI. |
False
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26. Which would iron deficiency anemias be?
microcytic, hypochromic microcytic, hyperchromic normocytic, hypochromic normocytic, hyperchromic |
microcytic, hypochromic
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27. Which would NOT be a cause of left-sided heart failure?
pulmonary hypertension ischemic heart disease aortic valve disease mitral valve disease |
pulmonary heart disease
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28. A severe and systemic edema.
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anasarca
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29. Fat emboli most often are associated with severe injuries to the ____.
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long bones
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30. Acute blood loss anemias are which 2 of the following?
microcytic normocytic hypochromic hyperchromic |
normocytic, normochromic
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31. Which physiological state are quiescent cells in?
M, G0, S, or G1 |
G0
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32. Russel bodies are found in ____ cells.
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plasma
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33. Collapse of lung tissue with a loss of air space.
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atelectasis
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34. An autoimmune disease of the salivary and lacrimal glands that produces xerostomia and keratoconjuctivitis sicca.
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Sjogren's syndrome
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35. In this type of hemolytic anemia , there is a mutation in the gene that makes ankyrin.
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hereditary sperocytosis
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36. Collagen is synthesized by ____.
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fibroblasts
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37. Epstein Barr virus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of all the following EXCEPT which of the following?
Burkitt's lymphoma B-cell lymphomas in AIDS patients Hodgkin's disease Hepatocellular cancer Nasopharyngeal cancer |
Hepatocellular cancer
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38. The chief mediators of fever production during an inflammatory response.
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IL-1 and TNF
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39. The Reed-Steinberg cell is found only in ____.
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Hodgkin lymphomas
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40. Warthin's tumor is seen exclusively in the ___ gland.
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parotid
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41. "Wear and tear" pigment.
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lipofuscin
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42. The principle chemical mediator involved in an anaphylactic reaction.
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histamine
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43. Obliterative endarteritis and it's weakening of the thoracic aorta is a characteristic of _____.
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tertiary syphilis
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Which of the following is associated with heart failure, liver fibrosis, and diabetes mellitus?
hemosiderous brown atrophy hemochromatosis melaninisos |
hemochromatosis
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45. Characterized by dry eyes and xerostoma, affects women, and is aka sicca syndrome.
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Sjogren's syndrome
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46. Abnormal variation in the shape of RBCs.
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pokilocytosis
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47. The most common cause of hypoxia.
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ischemia
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48. The 2 most important opsonins.
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IgG and C3b
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49. Necrotic syndrome is characterized by which of the following?
hyperalbuminema hypoalbuminema hyperproteinuria hyperlipidema |
hypoalbuminema
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50. Chronic reflux of gastric juices into the esophagus will produce esophagitits that may develop into ____.
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Barrett's esophagus
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51. T-cytotoxic lymphocyte are recognized by the membrane marker ___.
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CD8
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52. Integrins function as cell ____.
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receptors
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53. A syndrome associated with crescentic, usually rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and hemorrhagic pneumonitis.
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Goodpasture's
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54. An immediate and early response to injury.
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inflammation
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55. Does inflammation occur in vascularized, non-vascularized tissues, or both?
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vascularized
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56. Phlebothrombosis occurs where?
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veins in lower extremities
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57. An increase in immature neutrophils would result in a left or right shift?
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left shift
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58. T-helper lymphocytes are recognized by the membrane marker ___.
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CD4
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59. The single most important cause of delay in healing.
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inflammation
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60. Both ricketts and osteomalacia the results of which deficiency?
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Vit D
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61. Singer's nodule is found where?
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larynx
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62. Leukocyte movement toward the site of injury along a chemical gradient.
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chemotaxis
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63. Any condition that raises the glucocorticoid levels in the body can produce _____ syndrome.
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Cushing's
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64. Hydroperitoneum is aka ___.
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ascites
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65. The cause of Rheumatoid arthritis.
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unknown
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66. A disease in which there is pain (even at rest) due to artery, vein, and nerve involvement.
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thromboangitis obliterans
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67. The strongest association between HLA and a disease is found with _____.
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ankylosing spondylitis
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68. The most common manifestation of left ventricular failure.
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dyspnea
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69. Opsonins specifically bind to Fc receptors and Complement receptors on ____.
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leukocytes
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70. Does a transudate contain high or low levels of protein?
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contains little protein
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71. Anthracosis is seen in what organ?
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lung
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72. Symptomatic ischemic heart disease is typically associated with critical stenosis defined as ____% or greater reduction in the lumen of one or more coronary arteries.
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75%
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73. Name 4 major types of arteriosclerosis.
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atherosclerosis
arteriolosclerosis Mockenberg's medial calific stenosis arteriosclerosis obliterans |
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74. Megaloblastic anemia is which of the following 2.
microcytic normocytic macrocytic hypochromic normochromic hyperchromic |
macrocytic, hypochromic
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75. Collapse of a lung.
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atelectasis
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76. The type of bronchogenic carcinoma strongly associated with smoking is ______ carcinoma.
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small cell
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77. The most common consequence of complication of an MI is ______.
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cardiac arrhythmias
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78. Excessive exposure to asbestos can result in _____ of the pleura.
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mesothelioma
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79. An accumulation of blood within a tissue.
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hematoma
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80. Type of hepatitis needed to activate hepatitis D.
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hepatitis B
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81. If apical tumors of the lung invade the cervical sympathetic plexus, symptoms of ______ syndrome may occur.
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Horner's
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82. Chronic inflammation is characterized by tissue infiltration with _____ cells.
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mononuclear
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83. Action of mitogens.
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stimulates cell division
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84. Where is maturation of granulocytic leukocytes reflected?
cytoplasm nucleus membrane mitochondria |
nucleus
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Damage to what structure of a cell is thought to be the central factor in the pathogenesis of irreversible cell injury.
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cell membrane
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87. What syndrome presents heavy proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), hypoalbuminemia and severe edema?
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nephrotic syndrome
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88. By far, the most common cause of chronic gastritis and mucosal atrophy.
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H. pylori
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89. Abnormal variation in the size of RBCs.
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Anisocytosis
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90. Sickle-cell anemia is caused by substituting valine for glutamate at the ___th position of the ______ chain in the hemoglobin molecule.
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6th position
beta chain |
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91. B-12 deficiency may result in _____.
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pernicious anemia
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92. Which is true of hypertrophy of the heart?
non-reversible involves accumulation of water and fat may be triggered by trophic stim all of above |
may be triggered by trophic stim
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93. Most common primary lung tumor.
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bronchiogenic carcinoma
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94. Allergic rhinitis is a Type __ reaction.
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type 1
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96. Which is true of Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?
reaction to drugs intravascular hemolysis and thromboses a hemoblobinopathies all of above |
patients have intravascular hemolysis and thromboses
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97. Accumulation of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis is a _____.
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hydrocele
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98. A gene that contributes to uncontrolled cell growth.
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oncogene
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99. Granulomatous inflammation is characterized by aggregation of activated _____.
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macrophages
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Eosinophils are characteristically found in inflammatory sites around infections caused by _____.
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parasites
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102. The complement system is composed how many inactive protein components?
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9
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103. The principle function of the MHC molecules.
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bind antigens for presentation to select immune effector cells
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104. Which colonic structures are small, flasklike or spherical outpouchings, most being in the sigmoid colon?
Diverticuli or Polyps |
diverticuli
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105. Multiple myeloma is a _____ cell cell disorder.
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plasma
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106. Are Bence Jones proteins light or heavy chains?
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light chains
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107. Most common cause of right-sided heart failure.
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left-sided heart failure
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108. T or F
Fibronectin is a type of adhesive glycoprotein. |
true
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109. T or F
A non-productive cough for 2 months in at least 3 successive years is associated with chronic bronchitis. |
False
Air pollution, smoking, globlet cell metaplasia and infections may be associated |
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110. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the etiological agent that produces ______ hyperplasia.
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squamous
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111. The protein that is most responsible for maintaining plasma osmotic pressure.
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albumin
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112. Generalized increases in venous pressure, with resultant systemic edema occur most commonly in _____.
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congestive heart failure
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113. Right-sided heart disease due to restriction of blood flow through the lungs.
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cor-pulmonale
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114. A defect in leukocyte chemotaxis or phagocytosis is responsible for ______ syndrome.
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Chediak-Higashi
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Cytokines in the immune response participate in all of the following EXCEPT which of the following?
inhibit hematopoiesis regulate lymphocyte growth activate inflammatory cells affect leukocyte movement |
inhibit hematopoiesis
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116. Pooling of blood in the venous system with resultant edema due to heart failure is known as _____ failure.
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backward
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117. Deposition of immune complexes in blood vessels is thought to be the main cause of _____.
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vasculitis
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118. Macrophages which have accumulated intracellular cholesterol.
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foam cells
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120. All of the following is true of Rheumatoid arthritis EXCEPT which of the following?
chronic progressing can be permanently crippling life expectancy is not reduced important cause of reactive amyloidosis |
life expectancy not reduced
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All are part of CREST syndrome EXCEPT which of the following?
Cartilage dissolution Raynaud phenomenon Esophageal dysmotility Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia |
Cartilage dissolution
(should be Calcinosis) |
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122. The dominate influence in thrombus formation is _____ injury.
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endothelial
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123. T-lymphocytes are recognized by the membrane marker ____.
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CD3
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124. In acute pancreatitis, there are elevated levels of ____ and ____ in the serum.
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amylase and lipase
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125. Hypoxic death of cells in the central nervous systems produces _____.
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liquefactive necrosis
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