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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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[CH1: the Earliest Universities] |
[CH1: the Earliest Universities] |
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How did universities become a product of the middle ages? |
*Didn't come from the Greeks or Romans --Had higher education, but not comparable +No diplomas *Came from Paris/Bologna *Differences between medieval and modern univ. --Medieval +Not many things we have today ^No libraries ^No labs ^No museums ^No endowment ^No board of trustees |
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Why was it not possible to have universities in the early Middle Ages? |
*Too few liberal arts --7 *Only bare elements being taught --Grammar --Rhetoric --Logic --New knowledge came though +1100-1200 ^From Italy/Sicily ^Mostly Arab scholars in Spain (Aristotle) +Europe got geometry ^Also law/medicine *Academic guilds created --Paris/Bologna |
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How were some of the early universities ran? |
*Legal study --Being an apprentice +Document drafting --Had revival in Italy +Irnerius gives Bologna reputation in law ^Around 1119 ^Law teacher ^Fixed "glossing" method of law +Gratian makes Decretum ^1140 ^Standard text in canon law +Bologna starts getting 100's students ^1158 ^Students in and out of Italy +Bologna became model univ. in Italy |
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How did the origin of the university come from N. Europe? |
*Paris --Notre Dame +Cathedral school --Most notable cathedral school = Chartres +Set apart by St. Ives and philosophers +Didn't become university --Abelard was there +Brilliant +had influence on universities ^Granted univ. degrees --Paris = Cathedral school turn to universities +Possibly before 12th cent. end ^Univ. of Paris says 1200 ^King Phillip Augustus made students and servants exempt from lay jurisdic. +Pope recognizes masters/students regulating lectures/disputations ^Students didn't have arms ^Only frequent students exempt from lay jurisdic. +Faculties ^Arts ^Canon law ^Medicine ^Theology +Head of univ. chosen ^Rector +The "college" institution ^Started in Paris in 1180 ^Became unit of academic life ^Board and lodging for poor scholars ^Buildings/endowments --Was a school of theology +Italians had the papacy |
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What things do we inherit from the early universities? |
*Not physical places --Early univ. had none --Univ. used other buildings --Oxford only school w/ most physical connection to past +Some parts of old school still up *Not in academic form *Not in academic custom *Institution connects us w/ the past --"University" = Masters and Scholars life of learning --Curriculum --Faculties --Univ. Orgs. |
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[CH2: THE MEDIEVAL PROFESSOR] |
[CH2: THE MEDIEVAL PROFESSOR]
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How were classes taught in monastic and cathedral schools in the early middle ages? |
*Text Books --Few/Simple --Mostly of Latin grammar --Logical manuals --Rhetoric manuals --Practical astronomy *12th Cent. Renaissance = Larger curriculum --Ptolemy astronomy --Euclid --Aristotle's logic --Short renaissance = Other things studied *Classical to Logic, Law, and Rhetoric studies --Emphasis on logic/dialect +Paris requires all Aristotle works in univ. (1215) +Logic was in other subjects ^Tone and character to medieval mind *Composition taught --Letters and official acts --Few knew read/write --Professors(or dictatores) taught *Art Courses to Logic/Philosophy --Natural Sciences to Natural Books *Graduation in arts --Baccalaureate or Masters --Reqs. for pro. study *Few students in theology --Book cost lots --Lengthy courses *Medicine --Galen and Hippocrates studied --No contribution to it *Law --Taught by Justinian's "Corpus" +Focus on the digest --Was form of scholasticism --Canon law related to civil law +Condemned by theologians ^Too much $$ involved ^Still needed canonists to run church admin. +Standard txt. = Decretum |
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How were the teachers of the early middle ages? |
*Renowned --Alcuin +Led edu. revival --Gerbert of Rheims +Used classics in study of rhetoric ^ Skilled --Abelard +Bold, sharp, and original +Method of arguments on propositions used ^Gratian --John of Salisbury *Lecture was not only form of instruction --Some lecture given by bachelors --Lecture halls = Quiet/Clean --Lecturer had elevated seat above others *Final Exams --Seen best @ Paris +Compared to Last Judgement +Re-examination possible +Great Chancellor = God ^Sentence is final |
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[CH3: THE MEDIEVAL STUDENT] |
[CH3: THE MEDIEVAL STUDENT] |
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How were student affairs in medieval universities? |
*Petty disorders happened *Students attacked by vigilantes *Bologna students raising $$ for school --Loans/ Selling textbooks *Rules against violence --To profs. *Affected the church --Preachers would give sermons about students bad behavior |
