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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the Large Vessel Vasculitides
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Takayasu's arteritis
Giant cell arteritis/polymyalgia rheumatica Aortitis associated with an underlying inflammatory disease such as spondyloarthropathy, relapsing polychondritis, or retroperitoneal fibrosis |
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Name the Medium Vessel Vasculitides
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Polyarteritis nodosa
Churg-Strauss syndrome Kawasaki disease |
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Name the Small Vessel Vasculitides
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Wegener's granulomatosis
Henoch-Schönlein purpura Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Microscopic polyangiitis Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis Primary angiitis of the central nervous system Vasculitis associated with connective tissue diseases |
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T/F Pt's with antiphospholipid syndrome have a prolong PTT, therefore they have a tendency to clot
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TRUE
They have a lupus antigen |
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What is the treatment for vasculitides?
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Steroids
DMARDS- immunosupressive drugs |
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How do you diagnose vasculitis?
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Angiograms- shows aneurysms
Biopsy |
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a cutaneus finding with a fishnet-like appearance is suggestive of?
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Livedo Reticularis
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Name examples of Type I allergic reactions
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Angioedema
Urticaria with erythema |
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which type of hypersensitivity Rxn is antibody(IgG,IgM) mediated?
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Type II
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which type of hypersensitivity Rxn is cytotoxic, IgG, IgM, or complement mediated?
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Type III
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which type of hypersensitivity Rxn is a delay reaction T-cell mediated?
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Type IV
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Which viruses are assoc with Polyarteritis Nodosa
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Hep B and C
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What other diseases are assoc with vasculitis?
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Infective endocarditis
Syphilis-meningial vascular syphilis Lupus Antiphospholipid syndrome |
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MC type of systemic vasculitis?
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Giant cell arteritis, AKA Temporal arteritis
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Which population is at risk for GCA?
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> 50 years
Females |
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What are the symptoms of GCA?
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Headaches
visual disturbance jaw pain arthralgias > ESR Anemia Fever |
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What disease often coexist with GCA?
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Polymyalgia rheumatica
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Pain and stiffness of the shoulder and hip girdles and proximal extremities suggests?
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Polymyalgia rheumatica
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How is GCA confirmed?
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Biopsy
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How is GCA and PMR treated?
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GCA-High dose steroids 6-12 mo
PMR-low dose steroids |
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This disease results in stenosis of the aorta and its main branches, including involvement of the cerebral, brachiocephalic, renal, mesenteric, femoral, and coronary arteries
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Takayasu's arteritis
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What are the symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis?
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Limb pain
Lightheadedness B symptoms: malaise, fever, arthralgias |
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How do you diagnose Takayasu's?
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Conventional angiography
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How do you treat Takayasu's?
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Glucocorticoids
Methotrexate Cyclophosphamide |
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A medium vessel vasculitis involving segmental necrotizing lesions, often at arterial branch points, leading to stenoses, aneurysms, thromboses, infarction, or hemorrhage
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Polyarteritis Nodosa
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How do you treat PAN?
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glucocorticoids
immunosuppressive agents antiviral therapy (pts with Hep B&C) |
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This is a medium and small vessel vasculitis AKA allergic granulomatosis and angiitis
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Churg-Strauss syndrome
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What are the MC sites affected by Wegener's Granulomatosis?
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sinuses
upper airway lungs kidneys |
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IgA deposition in glomerular lesions is characteristic of this disease
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Henoch-Sscholein Purpura
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A middle-aged person with chronic asthma who develops pulmonary infiltrates, vasculitis, and eosinophilia. What's the likely diagnosis?
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CSS
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What are the S/Sx of Henoch-Schonlein purpura?
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palpable purpura
arthritis abdominal pain fever glomerulonephritis |
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What is the treatment of HSP?
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Usually supportive and NSAIDS
Occasionally steroids and immunosuppressants |
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What is the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of any vasculitis?
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Biopsy
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palpable purpura that can be seen in most of the medium and small vessel vasculitides
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Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
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How do you treat LCV?
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Discontinue nonessential medications because many cases are drug induced
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A biopsy from a pulmonary nodule shows granulomas with palisading histiocytes and giant cells. What is the diagnosis?
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WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS
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What lab findings are useful in diagnosing vasculitis
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UA- show RBC cast(glomerulonephritis)
ANCA eosinophilia elevated acute phase reactants |
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ANCA is assoc. with which types of vasculitides?
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Wegener's Granulomatosis
Microscopic polyangiitis CSS (allergic granulomatous vasculitis) |
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What is a side effect of chronic steroid use?
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Osteoporosis
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Which population is most affected by Kawasaki's disease?
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young children
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What are the S/Sx of Kawasaki's?
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Swollen hands, lips, mouth, conjunctivitis, and coronary aneurysms
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What is the treatment for Kawasaki's?
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IV gamma globulin
Aspirin |
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Aortitis with older individuals suggests?
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Takayasus's
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What is the pathophysiology of Systemic scleroderma?
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(1) a metabolic defect in fibroblast metabolism leading to overproduction of collagen and other matrix proteins
(2) vascular injury and obliteration (3) immune cell activation and autoimmunity |
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Which type of scleroderma has skin thickening on just the fingers, toes, and the face.
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limited scleroderma
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Name examples of DMARDs
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Gold Salts
Methotrexate Azathioprine Sulfasalazine Hydrochloroquine |
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What are the side effects of DMARDs?
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Bone marrow suppression
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