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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Figures of Speech
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a general term for any striking or unusual configuration of words or phrases
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Schemes
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a deviation from the normal or expected pattern of words
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Alliteration
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The reptition of the same sound at the beginning of words
"picked a peck of pickled peppers" |
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Assonance
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The repetition of similar vowel sounds preceded and followed by different consonants
"mellow wedding bells" |
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Consonance
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The repetition of consonant sounds in juxtaposed words
"able body sailors aboard a boat" |
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Cacophony
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the use of harsh and discordant sounds in a section of text
"clinching interlocking claws" |
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Euphony
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The use of pleasant sounding sounds in a section of text
"cellar door" |
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Parallelism
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the use of similar structure in two or more clauses
"I began to look for rhetorical devices in books, in movies, and in songs. |
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Isocolon
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The use of parallel elements similar not only in structure, but also in length (words/syllables)
"Many will enter. Few will win." |
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Chiasmus
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The grammatical structure of the first clause or phrase is reversed in the second
"Ask not what your country can do for you. Ask what you can do for your country." |
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Antithesis
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the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas
"To err is human, to forgive divine." |
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Climax
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The arrangement of words in order of importance or power
"I spent the day cleaning my house, reading poetry, and putting my life in order." |
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Anticlimax
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The arrangement of words in order of decreasing importance or power.
"Die and endow a college or a cat." |
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Paraprosdokian
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The latter part of a phrase is surprising in a way that causes the reader to reframe the first part.
"Where there's a will, I want to be in it." |
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Anaphora
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the repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses.
"We will not tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail." |
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Epistrophe
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The repetition of the same word or group of words at the end of successive clauses.
"When I was a child, I spoke as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child." |
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Epanalepsis
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The repetition at the end of a clause of the word that started the clause.
"blood hath bought blood, and blows answer'd blows." |
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Anadiplosis
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The repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause.
"Fear leads to anger, anger leads to hate, hate leads to suffering." |
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Antimetabole
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The repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse order.
"I meant what I said, and i said what I meant." |
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Tautology
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The repetition of the same idea in different words or phrases; saying the same thing twice.
"If you don't get any better, you'll never improve." |
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Anacoluthon
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A lack of grammatical sequenece or a change in construction within the sentence.
"Had ye been there--for what could that have done?" |
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Anastrophe
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The inversion of the natrual word order.
"This is the forest primeval." |
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Parenthesis
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The insertion of words or phrases that are nto syntactically related to the rest of the sentence
"I hope (not that I really care) that this is all making sense to you." |
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Apposition
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The placing of two elements side by side in which the second defines the first.
"Rhetoric, the art of persuasion using language, is so cool." |
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Hysteron Proteron
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the inversion of the natrual sequence of events to stress the event which is most important.
"Locked and loaded." |
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Ellipsis
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The deliberate omission of words which are readily implied by the context.
"Fire when ready." |
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Juxtaposition
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The placement of two contrasting ideas next to each other for comparison.
"This classroom is sweltering while the hallway is ice cold. |
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Asyndeton
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The deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of relates clauses
"I came, I saw, I conquered." |
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Polysyndeton
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The deliberate use of more conjunctions than necessary to produce a hurried rhythm.
"I ate two tacos and a burrito and a chimichanga and three nacho platters and a salad." |
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Tropes
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A change in the meaning of words
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Metaphor
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A comparison of two unlike objects without using like, as, than, or resembles
"He is a pig." |
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Simile
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A comparison of two unlike objects using like, as, than, or resembles
"She is fast as a cheetah." |
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Personification
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giving human charactereistics to an object or idea not normally associated with those traits.
"The door smiled widely as the students ran out into the sunshine." |
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Praeteritio
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Drawing attention to something while pretending to pass it over
"I won't even mention how annoying it is when students don't study." |
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Apostrophe
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addressing directly some person, idea, or place that cannot actually respond
"Oh Walter Payton, you glorious school. How I love to spend time in your hallways." |
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Metonymy
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The substitution of some attributive or suggestive word for what is actually meant.
"The top brass remain in support of the Iraq War." |
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Synechdoche
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A figure of speech in which a part stands for the whole or the whole stands for the part.
"Green bay beat Chicago again." |
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Allusion
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Referring to a person, idea, event, etc. from art, culture, or history to get across an idea
"She is the Britney Spears of our school." |
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Apotheosis
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talking about a subject in a manner that elevates that subject to the status of a god
"Brett Favre can throw a football as if he has the arms of Zeus." |
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Allegory
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An extended metaphor in which a story is told to illustrate an important attribute of the subject.
"A story aobut love where Innocent meets up with Attraction, Commitment, Betrayal, and Pity." |
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Anthimeria
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The substitution of one part of speech for another, often turning a noun into a verb
"I'll unhair they head." |
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Perphrasis
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The substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or vice versa.
"Bring a box of Kleenex to class." |
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Euphemism
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The substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague term for a harsh, blunt, or offensive one
"The schoolmaster corrected the slightest fault with his birch reminder." |
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Archaism
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The use of an older or obsolete form of a word
"Thou art a sly one." |
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Onomatopoeia
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The use of words that sound like their meaning
"Bang, zip, ruff, meow" |
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Zuegma
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"yoking" two objects to the same words with "and" producing different levels of meaning
"She conquered shame with passion, fear with audacity, reason with madness." |
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Antanaclasis
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A form of a pun in which a word is repeated in two different senses.
"If you aren't fired with enthusiasm, you will be fired with enthusiasm." |
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Paranomasia
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A form of a pun that uses words alike in sound but different in meaning
"Heralds don't pun, they cant." |
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Syllepsis
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A form of a pun in which a single word is used to modify tow other words in different ways.
"He carried a strobe light and the responsibility for the lives of his men." |
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Imagery
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The use of words or phrases that invoke the senses
"The sunset painted streaks of orange, red, and yellow across the sky." |
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Pleonasm
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The use of superfluous or redundant words
"She slept a deep sleep." |
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Hyperbole
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Exaggeration used for emphasis
"Aint no mountain high enough, ain't no valley wide enough to keep me from you." |
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Litotes
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Emphasizing the magnitude of a statement by denying its opposite (understatement)
"I didn't fail the test, but I wouldn't exactly call it my best performance." |
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Irony
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the use of a word in such a way as to ocnvey a meaning opposite to the literal meaning
"Frustrated by their constant questions about his mood, the teacher yelled, "I'm not upset."" |
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Sarcasm
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witty language used to convey insults or scorn
"No, really Timmy, I think Magic the Gathering is cool." |
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Oxymoron
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The use of two terms together that normally contradict each other
"They laid together in the warmth of the newly fallen snow." |
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Synaesthesia
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A sensory description that describes an experience in terms of the wrong sense.
"that shirt is loud." |
