Rhetoric 2

Front 1

What are the four elements of communication?

Back 1

A message, the sender, the receiver, and a medium to send the message through

Front 2

Identify the correct descriptions of the four elements of communication.

Back 2

Message: the content that someone or something seeks to convey

Sender: the person who is communicating

Receiver: the audience receiving the communication

Medium: the means of sending the message from the sender to the receiver

Front 3

Identify the correct definition of Kairos and what it consists of.

Back 3

Used to describe the right time to say something; consists of timing, place, opportunity, and setting

Front 4

Identify the correct definition of persona.

Back 4

The roles and images that we imagine for ourselves and others

Front 5

Identify the difference between the 1st and 2nd persona.

Back 5

1st: the trustworthiness or credibility of the speaker/author

2nd: the audience; people making up the audience can take on another identity through the speaker's ability to convince them to buy into a speech

Front 6

List and define the three speeches of Cicero.

Back 6

Informational: the speaker tries to help an audience understand information

Persuasive: the speaker wants to cause a change in the audience; to "move" the audience

Entertain: the speaker wants to please or amuse the audience; a speech to "delight"

Front 7

Define adaptation.

Back 7

The speaker trying to connect to their audiences by choosing arguments whose premises, reasons, examples, and figures of speech relate to the audience members' knowledge and experience

Front 8

Define the two types of speech adaptation.

Back 8

1.The speaker can treat all members of a single audience by finding a common element among the differences

2.The speaker can acknowledge each audience segment, finding arguments that suit each group

Front 9

List and define the 7 issues in speeches.

Back 9

Deception: deliberate deception is unethical

Lying by commission: saying or communicating something the speaker knows not to be true

Lying by omission: the speaker knowingly does not mention something that the audience would like to know

False assertions: speakers make assertions without knowing of they are true

Contrary evidence: use of evidence that disproves other previously used evidence

Responsibilities: obligation the speaker has to bring facts and to make sure that the audience understands the argument properly

Accountability: speakers are accountable for the kinds of audiences they produce

Front 10

Define ethos.

Back 10

The appeal of our personality or character; originates in the speaker

Front 11

Define pathos.

Back 11

An appeal to the audience's emotions; originates in the listener

Front 12

Define logos.

Back 12

An appeal the the audience's reason; originates in the speech

Front 13

Explain how a speaker creates ethos.

Back 13

Action: history of their actions

Deeds: deeds that exemplify their character

Understanding: show that they understand their audience's point of view by adapting to them, identifying similarities in experiences or beliefs

Expertise: claim some kind of expertise, which they justify through their education

Front 14

Define enthymemes.

Back 14

Persuasive arguments that are not valid

Front 15

Give examples of enthymemes.

Back 15

Signs: dark clouds imply rain

Cause and effect: your teeth aren't white because you don't brush them often

Analogies: waking up in the morning is like trying the climb out of a pit of quicksand

Front 16

Give a real and a hypothetical example.

Back 16

In favor of flossing your teeth:

Real: after not flossing for a month, I got cavities in all of my teeth

Hypothetical: people who floss their teeth tend to have healthier mouths