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42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Measurement
-an assessment, or the process of assessment
Test
-a tool or instrument used in measurement
Evaluation
-an interpretation of measurement information
List 6 types of instruments used for human performances:
-tape measures, weight scales, skinfold calipers, stopwatches, treadmills, ergometers, written tests
List 4 fitness parameters that might be measured on a fitness assessment:
-strength, flexibility, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness
Explain the importance of the testing procedures for an evaluation:
-the testing procedures must be reliable and valid for an evaluation to be trustworthy
Explain the difference in objective and subjective test standards:
-Objective tests have a well-defined scoring system, while subjective tests have scoring systems that are less well-defined
Explain why the decisions of sports officials can sometimes be considered subjective:
-sports performances can be observed differently by different officials
Explain why there are few tests that are completely objective:
-Regardless of the scoring system, measuring human performance involves some degree of variation in perceptions, skill, qualifications, or judgments of scorers or test administrators.
Why is test objectivity important in the measurement process?
-objective tests are a prerequisite for reliable measurements
Normative evaluation standards
-Normative standards compare each score with the other scores within a reference group
Normatively evaluate a score at the 8th percentile (Is it a good or poor score, and why?)
-According to a normative evaluation standard, a score at the 8th percentile can be considered a poor score, since only 8% of the group score less than this score, while about 92% of the group scored higher.
Criterion evaluation standards
-criterions standard compare each score to a criterion score
A clinical exercise stress test is frequently used for detecting the existence of cardiovascular disease. Explain the meaning of a positive test result on such a test:
-A positive test result would indicate that the person tested has symptoms of cardiovascular disease.
Explain the difference in true positive and true negative criterion test results:
-A true positive test result means that the condition being tested for is actually present, and the test has correctly detected this condition. A true negative test result means that the condition being tested for is NOT actually present, and the test has correctly failed to detect this condition
Explain the difference in false positive and false negative criterion test results:
-A false positive test result means that the condition being tested for is NOT actually present, and the test has incorrectly detected this condition. A false negative test result means that the condition being tested for is actually present, and the test has incorrectly failed to detect this condition.
Explain why false positive and false negative test results are undesirable:
-A false positive test wrongly diagnoses a condition that the subject does not have. A false negative test fails to detect a condition that the subject does have.
What organization was formed in the 1950's as a result of increasing interest in youth fitness?
-The Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sports
In the post-world war II period, why was the achievement of a high level of youth fitness in America considered an important goal?
-to help prepare youth for military service
Why have many sports or skill related youth fitness tests been developed?
-to identify youth with athletic potential
List 5 components of sports or skill related fitness tests:
-agility, balance, coordination, speed, strength, power, and reaction time.
List 4 health conditions for which a lack of physical activity has been identified as a risk factor in adults:
-obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia
Why have many professionals become convinced that youth fitness programs should emphasize health-related lifetime fitness?
-to help prevent sedentary lifestyles in adults that can lead to chronic health problems
What is the purpose of the healthy people 2000 health project?
-to promote appropriate health behaviors in the general public
List 3 components of health-related fitness:
1.) cardiorespiratory endurance
2.) body composition
3.) musculo-skeletal function
List the 3 goals of the Fit Youth Today program:
1.) to educate and condition students for a lifetime of healthy living
2.) to measure the level of health-related fitness in each student
3.) to compare each students individual level of health-related fitness to a desirable level
When should the Fit Youth Today conditioning protocol be implemented?
-before students fitness levels are tested
For the Fit Youth Today program, which tests are used to measure:

a. Cardiorespiratory endurance
b. Abdominal strength and endurance
c. lower back and hamstring flexibility
d. body composition
a. the 20 minute steady-state job (20MSSJ)
b. two-minute curl-up test
c. sit-and-reach test
d. sum of triceps and medial calf skinfolds
What units of measurement should be used to record 20 minute steady state job performances for the Fit Youth Today program?
-the distance each child jogs in miles, to the nearest tenth of a mile
For the Fit Youth Today two minute curl up test, where should the students arms be placed?
-crossed over the chest with their hands on opposite shoulders
For the Fit Youth Today sit and reach test, if a student stretches far enough to reach a point even with their toes, what would their score be?
-9 inches
For the Fit Youth Today skinfold test, how many times should each skinfold site be measured?
-3 times
What institution developed the FITNESSGRAM youth fitness test?
-the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research in Dallas
Why has the FITNESSGRAM become the most popular national youth fitness test?
-it includes educational materials for helping the teacher administer the test and teach the behavioral components
List 6 fitness components that are included in the FITNESSGRAM program:
-aerobic capacity, body composition, flexibility, abdominal strength, upper body strength, trunk extensor strength and flexibility
For measuring aerobic capacity, what two options are offered by FITNESSGRAM?
-The 1-mile run/walk and the Pacer test
On a metric track, how much farther than four laps should students run/walk to complete one mile?
-9 meters or about 10 yards
How long is the running course for the FITNESSGRAM Pacer test?
-20 meters or 21 yards 32 inches
During the Pacer test, if a student runs from the starting point to the other end of the course and back, how many laps has he/she completed?
-2 laps
A child is 4 feet 4 inches in height, and weighs 77 pounds. Calculate his/her BMI:
-20.063
When in the starting position for the FITNESSGRAM Bent-knee curl-up test, where should the students arms and hands be placed?
-arms straight and parallel to their body, palms down, resting on the mat. Their fingers should be extended and resting on the near edge of the measuring strip.
What is the cadence for the FITNESSGRAM Push-up test?
-one push-up every 3 seconds