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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Measurement
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-an assessment, or the process of assessment
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Test
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-a tool or instrument used in measurement
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Evaluation
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-an interpretation of measurement information
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List 6 types of instruments used for human performances:
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-tape measures, weight scales, skinfold calipers, stopwatches, treadmills, ergometers, written tests
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List 4 fitness parameters that might be measured on a fitness assessment:
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-strength, flexibility, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness
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Explain the importance of the testing procedures for an evaluation:
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-the testing procedures must be reliable and valid for an evaluation to be trustworthy
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Explain the difference in objective and subjective test standards:
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-Objective tests have a well-defined scoring system, while subjective tests have scoring systems that are less well-defined
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Explain why the decisions of sports officials can sometimes be considered subjective:
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-sports performances can be observed differently by different officials
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Explain why there are few tests that are completely objective:
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-Regardless of the scoring system, measuring human performance involves some degree of variation in perceptions, skill, qualifications, or judgments of scorers or test administrators.
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Why is test objectivity important in the measurement process?
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-objective tests are a prerequisite for reliable measurements
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Normative evaluation standards
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-Normative standards compare each score with the other scores within a reference group
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Normatively evaluate a score at the 8th percentile (Is it a good or poor score, and why?)
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-According to a normative evaluation standard, a score at the 8th percentile can be considered a poor score, since only 8% of the group score less than this score, while about 92% of the group scored higher.
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Criterion evaluation standards
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-criterions standard compare each score to a criterion score
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A clinical exercise stress test is frequently used for detecting the existence of cardiovascular disease. Explain the meaning of a positive test result on such a test:
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-A positive test result would indicate that the person tested has symptoms of cardiovascular disease.
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Explain the difference in true positive and true negative criterion test results:
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-A true positive test result means that the condition being tested for is actually present, and the test has correctly detected this condition. A true negative test result means that the condition being tested for is NOT actually present, and the test has correctly failed to detect this condition
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Explain the difference in false positive and false negative criterion test results:
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-A false positive test result means that the condition being tested for is NOT actually present, and the test has incorrectly detected this condition. A false negative test result means that the condition being tested for is actually present, and the test has incorrectly failed to detect this condition.
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Explain why false positive and false negative test results are undesirable:
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-A false positive test wrongly diagnoses a condition that the subject does not have. A false negative test fails to detect a condition that the subject does have.
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What organization was formed in the 1950's as a result of increasing interest in youth fitness?
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-The Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sports
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In the post-world war II period, why was the achievement of a high level of youth fitness in America considered an important goal?
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-to help prepare youth for military service
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Why have many sports or skill related youth fitness tests been developed?
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-to identify youth with athletic potential
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List 5 components of sports or skill related fitness tests:
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-agility, balance, coordination, speed, strength, power, and reaction time.
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List 4 health conditions for which a lack of physical activity has been identified as a risk factor in adults:
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-obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia
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Why have many professionals become convinced that youth fitness programs should emphasize health-related lifetime fitness?
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-to help prevent sedentary lifestyles in adults that can lead to chronic health problems
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What is the purpose of the healthy people 2000 health project?
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-to promote appropriate health behaviors in the general public
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List 3 components of health-related fitness:
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1.) cardiorespiratory endurance
2.) body composition 3.) musculo-skeletal function |
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List the 3 goals of the Fit Youth Today program:
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1.) to educate and condition students for a lifetime of healthy living
2.) to measure the level of health-related fitness in each student 3.) to compare each students individual level of health-related fitness to a desirable level |
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When should the Fit Youth Today conditioning protocol be implemented?
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-before students fitness levels are tested
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For the Fit Youth Today program, which tests are used to measure:
a. Cardiorespiratory endurance b. Abdominal strength and endurance c. lower back and hamstring flexibility d. body composition |
a. the 20 minute steady-state job (20MSSJ)
b. two-minute curl-up test c. sit-and-reach test d. sum of triceps and medial calf skinfolds |
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What units of measurement should be used to record 20 minute steady state job performances for the Fit Youth Today program?
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-the distance each child jogs in miles, to the nearest tenth of a mile
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For the Fit Youth Today two minute curl up test, where should the students arms be placed?
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-crossed over the chest with their hands on opposite shoulders
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For the Fit Youth Today sit and reach test, if a student stretches far enough to reach a point even with their toes, what would their score be?
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-9 inches
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For the Fit Youth Today skinfold test, how many times should each skinfold site be measured?
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-3 times
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What institution developed the FITNESSGRAM youth fitness test?
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-the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research in Dallas
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Why has the FITNESSGRAM become the most popular national youth fitness test?
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-it includes educational materials for helping the teacher administer the test and teach the behavioral components
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List 6 fitness components that are included in the FITNESSGRAM program:
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-aerobic capacity, body composition, flexibility, abdominal strength, upper body strength, trunk extensor strength and flexibility
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For measuring aerobic capacity, what two options are offered by FITNESSGRAM?
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-The 1-mile run/walk and the Pacer test
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On a metric track, how much farther than four laps should students run/walk to complete one mile?
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-9 meters or about 10 yards
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How long is the running course for the FITNESSGRAM Pacer test?
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-20 meters or 21 yards 32 inches
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During the Pacer test, if a student runs from the starting point to the other end of the course and back, how many laps has he/she completed?
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-2 laps
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A child is 4 feet 4 inches in height, and weighs 77 pounds. Calculate his/her BMI:
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-20.063
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When in the starting position for the FITNESSGRAM Bent-knee curl-up test, where should the students arms and hands be placed?
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-arms straight and parallel to their body, palms down, resting on the mat. Their fingers should be extended and resting on the near edge of the measuring strip.
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What is the cadence for the FITNESSGRAM Push-up test?
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-one push-up every 3 seconds
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